Ubushinwa n’umusaruro munini wa peteroli ya kokiya, ariko kandi ukoresha n’igikomoka kuri peteroli; Usibye peteroli yo mu gihugu imbere, dukeneye kandi umubare munini w’ibitumizwa mu mahanga kugira ngo duhuze ibikenewe mu turere two hepfo. Dore isesengura rigufi ryo gutumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa bya peteroli mu myaka yashize.
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2018 kugeza mu wa 2022, ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga mu Bushinwa bizerekana ko bizamuka, bikagera ku rwego rwo hejuru kuri toni miliyoni 12.74 mu 2021. Kuva mu 2018 kugeza 2019, habayeho kugabanuka, byatewe ahanini n’imbere mu gihugu imbere. kuri peteroli ya kokiya. Byongeye kandi, Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zashyizeho andi mahoro 25% y’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga, kandi ibicuruzwa biva muri peteroli byagabanutse. Kuva muri Werurwe 2020, ibigo bitumiza mu mahanga birashobora gusaba gusonerwa amahoro, kandi igiciro cya peteroli ya peteroli yo mu mahanga kiri munsi y’icya peteroli ya peteroli yo mu gihugu, bityo ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga byiyongera cyane; Nubwo ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byagabanutse mu gice cya kabiri cy’umwaka kubera ingaruka z’icyorezo cy’amahanga, muri rusange cyari hejuru ugereranije n’imyaka yashize. Mu 2021, bitewe n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ubugenzuzi bubiri bw’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu na politiki yo kugabanya umusaruro mu Bushinwa, itangwa ry’imbere mu gihugu rizaba ryoroshye, kandi no gutumiza mu mahanga ibikomoka kuri peteroli biziyongera cyane, bigere ku rwego rwo hejuru. Mu 2022, ibyifuzo by’imbere mu gihugu bizakomeza gukomera, kandi biteganijwe ko ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bizagera kuri toni miliyoni 12.5, ari nawo mwaka ukomeye wo gutumiza mu mahanga. Dukurikije ibyahanuwe by’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’ubushobozi bw’ubukererwe bwa kokiya, ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga na byo bizagera kuri toni zigera kuri miliyoni 12.5 muri 2023 na 2024, kandi n’amahanga akenera kokiya ya peteroli aziyongera gusa.
Birashobora kugaragara ku gishushanyo cyavuzwe haruguru ko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bikomoka kuri peteroli bikomoka kuri peteroli bizagabanuka kuva mu 2018 kugeza mu 2022.Ubushinwa n’umuguzi munini wa kokiya ya peteroli, kandi ibicuruzwa byayo bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gihugu, bityo ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bikaba bike. Muri 2018, ibicuruzwa byinshi byoherezwa mu mahanga bya peteroli byari toni miliyoni 1.02 gusa. Yibasiwe n’iki cyorezo mu 2020, kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bikomoka kuri peteroli mu gihugu byahagaritswe, toni 398000 gusa, umwaka ushize ugabanukaho 54.4%. Mu 2021, itangwa ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli yo mu gihugu rizaba rito, bityo mu gihe ibisabwa biziyongera cyane, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bikomoka kuri peteroli bizakomeza kugabanuka. Biteganijwe ko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizaba hafi toni 260000 mu 2022. Dukurikije icyifuzo cy’imbere mu gihugu hamwe n’imibare ijyanye n’umusaruro mu 2023 na 2024, biteganijwe ko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizakomeza kuba ku rwego rwo hasi rwa toni 250000. Birashobora kugaragara ko ingaruka za peteroli yoherezwa mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa bitanga peteroli yo mu gihugu bishobora gusobanurwa nijambo "negligible".
Urebye ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, imiterere y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli yo mu gihugu imbere ntabwo yahindutse cyane mu myaka itanu ishize, cyane cyane muri Amerika, Arabiya Sawudite, Uburusiya, Kanada, Kolombiya na Tayiwani, Ubushinwa. Ibintu bitanu byambere byatumijwe mu mahanga byagize 72% - 84% by’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mwaka. Ibindi bitumizwa mu mahanga ahanini biva mu Buhinde, Rumaniya na Kazakisitani, bingana na 16% - 27% by'ibitumizwa mu mahanga. Muri 2022, ibyifuzo byimbere mu gihugu biziyongera cyane, kandi igiciro cya peteroli ya kokiya kiziyongera cyane. Bitewe n’ibikorwa bya gisirikare mpuzamahanga, ibiciro biri hasi n’ibindi bintu, ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bya kokiya muri Venezuwela biziyongera ku buryo bugaragara, biza ku mwanya wa kabiri mu bihugu bitumiza mu mahanga kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Kanama 2022, kandi Amerika izakomeza ku mwanya wa mbere.
Muri make, uburyo bwo gutumiza no kohereza hanze ya peteroli ya kokiya ntabwo bizahinduka cyane mumyaka yashize. Biracyari igihugu kinini gitumiza kandi gikoresha. Ibikomoka kuri peteroli yo mu gihugu bikoreshwa cyane cyane kubikenerwa mu gihugu, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Igipimo nigiciro cya peteroli yatumijwe mu mahanga bifite ibyiza bimwe na bimwe, bizanagira ingaruka runaka ku isoko ryimbere rya peteroli ya kokiya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-23-2022