1. Ahantu ho gukoresha anode ya bateri ya Lithium:
Kuri ubu, ibikoresho bya anode bicuruzwa ahanini ni grafiti karemano na grafiti y’ubukorano. Needle coke biroroshye kuyitunganya kandi ni ubwoko bw’ibikoresho by’umwimerere bya grafiti y’ubukorano byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Nyuma yo kuyitunganya, ifite imiterere igaragara ya fibre n’imiterere myiza ya microcrystalline ya grafiti. Mu cyerekezo cy’umurongo muremure w’uduce, ifite ibyiza byo gutwara amashanyarazi n’ubushyuhe neza hamwe n’uburyo buke bwo kwagura ubushyuhe. Needle coke irashwanyagurika, igashyirwa mu byiciro, igashushanywa, igashyirwamo granule, hanyuma igashyirwamo grafiti kugira ngo haboneke ibikoresho bya grafiti y’ubukorano, ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwa crystallinity na grafitiization, kandi iri hafi y’imiterere itunganye ya grafiti.
Inganda nshya z’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu zateye imbere cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Nzeri 2022, umusaruro w’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu mu gihugu cyanjye ni 372GWh, ubwiyongere bw’umwaka ku kigero cya 176%. Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa ry’Imodoka riteganya ko ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu bizagurishwa miliyoni 5.5 mu 2022, kandi ko umubare w’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu z’amashanyarazi uzarenga miliyoni 5.5 mu mwaka wose. 20%. Bitewe n’ "umurongo utukura wo guhagarika gutwika" mpuzamahanga na politiki y’imbere mu gihugu ya "intego ebyiri za karuboni", ubwiyongere bw’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu za lithiamu ku isi biteganijwe ko bizagera kuri 3.008GWh mu 2025, kandi ko ubwiyongere bwa koka y’ingufu buzagera kuri toni miliyoni 4.04.
2. Imirima yo gukoresha electrode ya grafiti:
Ifu ya Needle coke ni ibikoresho byiza cyane byo gukora electrodes za grafiti zifite ingufu nyinshi/zirenze urugero. Isura yayo ifite imiterere myiza y’imitsi n’ubugari bw’uduce duto. Mu gihe cyo gusohora, umurongo muremure w’uduce twinshi ushyirwa ku cyerekezo cyo gusohora. . Gukoresha ifu ya needle coke kugira ngo hakorwe electrodes za grafiti zifite ingufu nyinshi/zirenze urugero bifite ibyiza byo kuba zidakora neza, kontinenti yo kwagura ubushyuhe buke, kudakoresha neza ubushyuhe, gukoresha electrode nke n’ubucucike bw’amashanyarazi bwinshi bwemewe. Ifu ya needle coke zishingiye ku mabuye y’agaciro n’izishingiye ku mavuta zifite imiterere yazo bwite mu mikorere. Mu kugereranya imikorere ya needle coke, uretse ubucucike nyakuri, ubucucike bw'amazi, ubucucike bw'ifu, ingano y'ivu, ingano ya sulfure, ingano ya azote, Uretse kugereranya ibipimo by'imikorere bisanzwe nk'igipimo cy'ubuso n'ingano y'uduce, hagomba kandi kwitabwaho ku gipimo cyo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe, ubucucike, imbaraga zo gukanda, ubucucike bw'ubunini, ubucucike nyakuri, kwaguka k'ubunini, anisotropy, imiterere idakumirwa hamwe n'Isesengura n'isuzuma ry'ibipimo biranga nk'amakuru yo kwaguka mu gihe cyo guhagarara, urugero rw'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kwaguka no guhagarara, nibindi. Ibi bimenyetso biranga ni ingenzi cyane mu guhindura ibipimo by'imikorere mu gikorwa cyo gukora electrode za grafiti no kugenzura imikorere ya electrode za grafiti. Muri rusange, imikorere ya needle coke ishingiye ku mavuta iri hejuru gato ugereranyije n'iya needle coke ishingiye ku makara.
Ibigo by’amahanga bikoresha karuboni akenshi bihitamo koke y’amavuta meza cyane nk’ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora electrode nini za UHP na HP graphite. Ibigo by’Abayapani bikoresha kandi koke y’ibikomoka ku makara nk’ibikoresho fatizo, ariko gusa mu gukora electrode za graphite zifite ibisobanuro biri munsi ya Φ600mm. Nubwo umusaruro wa koke y’ibikomoka ku makara mu gihugu cyanjye urenze uw’ibigo by’amahanga, wateye imbere cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha kandi watangiye kugaragara. Kuri ubu, electrode ya graphite ifite imbaraga nyinshi mu gihugu cyanjye ahanini ni koke y’ibikomoka ku makara. Ku bijyanye n’umusaruro wose, ibikoresho byo mu gihugu bikoresha karuboni bishobora guhaza ibyo ibigo bikoresha karuboni bikenera kugira ngo bikore electrode ya graphite ifite ingufu nyinshi/ikomeye kuri koke y’ibikomoka ku makara. Ariko, haracyari icyuho runaka ugereranije n’ibigo by’amahanga mu bwiza bwa koke y’ibikomoka ku makara. Ibikoresho fatizo bya koke y’ibikomoka ku makara biracyakoresha koke y’ibikomoka ku makara, cyane cyane ko electrode ya graphite ifite ingufu nyinshi/ikomeye cyane itumizwa mu mahanga. Koke y’ibikomoka ku makara nk’ibikoresho fatizo.
Mu 2021, umusaruro w'ibyuma mu gihugu uzaba toni miliyari 1.037, muri zo ibyuma bikoreshwa mu mashanyarazi biri munsi ya 10%. Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru iteganya kongera igipimo cy'ibyuma bikoreshwa mu mashanyarazi bikagera ku kigero kirenga 15% mu 2025. Ishyirahamwe ry'Igihugu ry'Ibyuma n'Ibyuma riteganya ko bizagera kuri 30% mu 2050. Bizagera kuri 60% mu 2060. Kongera igipimo cy'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu mashanyarazi bizatuma electrode za grafiti ziyongera cyane, kandi birumvikana ko bizasaba ko haboneka imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-23-2022