Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryimodoka nshya zingufu kwisi yose, isoko ryibikoresho bya lithium ya anode ibikoresho byiyongereye cyane. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, mu 2021, inganda umunani za mbere za litiro za batiri za anode ziteganya kwagura umusaruro wazo kugeza kuri toni hafi miliyoni. Igishushanyo gifite ingaruka zikomeye kurutonde nigiciro cyibikoresho bya anode. Ibikoresho byo gushushanya mu Bushinwa bifite ubwoko bwinshi, gukoresha ingufu nyinshi, umwanda mwinshi hamwe n’ubushakashatsi buke, bigabanya iterambere ry’ibikoresho bya grafite anode ku rugero runaka. Nibibazo nyamukuru bigomba gukemurwa byihutirwa mugikorwa cyo gukora ibikoresho bya anode.
1. Ibihe byubu no kugereranya itanura ribi
1.1 Itanura ribi rya grafite
Mu bwoko bw'itanura ryahinduwe bushingiye ku itanura gakondo rya electrode ya Aitcheson itanura rya grafite, itanura ryumwimerere ryuzuyemo grafite ingirakamaro nkuwatwaye ibintu bibi bya electrode (ingenzi yuzuye karuboni mbi ya electrode yibikoresho fatizo), intangiriro yitanura yuzuyemo ubushyuhe. ibikoresho byo kurwanya, igipande cyo hanze cyuzuyemo ibikoresho byo kubika hamwe no gutwika inkuta. Nyuma yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 2800 ~ 3000 ℃ butangwa cyane cyane no gushyushya ibikoresho bya résistoriste, kandi ibintu bibi biri mu musaraba bishyuha ku buryo butaziguye kugira ngo ugere ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bw’amabuye yangiza ibintu bibi.
1.2. Itanura ryimbere ryimbere
Itanura ryerekana itanura ryerekana itanura rikoreshwa mugukora amashanyarazi ya grafite, kandi electrode nyinshi ikomeye (yuzuye ibikoresho bibi bya electrode) ihujwe murukurikirane igihe kirekire. Electrode ikomeye ni umutwara numubiri ushyushya, kandi umuyaga unyura muri electrode ikomeye kugirango ubyare ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ushushe neza ibintu bibi bya electrode imbere. Gahunda ya GRAPHItisiyoneri ntabwo ikoresha ibikoresho byo kurwanya, koroshya imikorere yuburyo bwo gupakira no guteka, no kugabanya igihombo cyo kubika ubushyuhe bwibikoresho birwanya imbaraga, bizigama gukoresha ingufu
1.3 Agasanduku k'isanduku yerekana itanura
No.1 Porogaramu iriyongera mumyaka yashize, icyingenzi cyizwe Urutonde rwa acheson grafitisation itanura hamwe nikoranabuhanga rihuza ibiranga gushushanya itanura, itanura ryibanze ryo gukoresha ibice byinshi bya anode plate grid ibikoresho byububiko, ibikoresho muri cathode mubikoresho fatizo, binyuze guhuza byose byerekanwe hagati ya plaque ya anode irakosowe, buri kintu, ikoreshwa rya kashe ya anode hamwe nibikoresho bimwe. Inkingi hamwe na plaque ya anode yububiko bwibikoresho byubatswe hamwe bigize umubiri wo gushyushya. Amashanyarazi anyura muri electrode yumutwe witanura mumubiri ushyushya uruganda rwitanura, kandi ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwatanze bushyushya ibintu bya anode mubisanduku kugirango ugere ku ntego yo gushushanya
1.4 Kugereranya ubwoko butatu bwo gushushanya
Itanura ryimbere yimbere itanura ni ugushyushya ibikoresho mu gushyushya electrode yuzuye. "Ubushyuhe bwa Joule" bwakozwe numuyoboro unyuze kuri electrode ikomeye cyane ikoreshwa mugushushya ibintu kandi bikomeye. Umuvuduko wo gushyushya urihuta, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe ni kimwe, kandi ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burarenze itanura rya Atchison gakondo hamwe no gushyushya ibikoresho. Itanura rya gride-agasanduku ishushanya ku byiza byo gutanura ubushyuhe bwimbere imbere, kandi ifata isahani yabanje gutekwa hamwe nigiciro gito nkumubiri wo gushyushya. Ugereranije n’itanura rya seriveri, ubushobozi bwo gupakira itanura rya gride-agasanduku ko gushushanya ni nini, kandi ingufu zikoreshwa kuri buri gicuruzwa ziragabanuka uko bikwiye
2. Icyerekezo cyiterambere cyitanura ribi
2. 1 Hindura neza urukuta rwa perimeteri
Kugeza ubu, ubushyuhe bwo gutwika amashyiga menshi yerekana itanura ryuzuye cyane cyane karubone yumukara na peteroli. Iki gice cyibikoresho byokwirinda mugihe cyo kubyara ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa okiside yaka, burigihe burigihe gupakira bikenewe gukenera gusimbuza cyangwa kuzuza ibikoresho byihariye byokwirinda, gusimbuza inzira yibidukikije, imbaraga nyinshi zumurimo.
Urashobora gutekereza a ni ugukoresha imbaraga zidasanzwe hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa sima masonry urukuta rwa adobe, kongera imbaraga muri rusange, kwemeza urukuta mubikorwa byose byizunguruka mugihe cyo guhindura ibintu, kubumba amatafari icyarimwe icyarimwe, gukumira umwuka mwinshi Binyuze kurukuta rwamatafari gucamo no gutandukanya icyuho mu itanura, gabanya igihombo cya okiside yatakaje ibikoresho bya insuline nibikoresho bya anode;
Iya kabiri ni ugushiraho igice kinini cyimashini igendanwa yimanitse hanze yurukuta rwitanura, nko gukoresha fibre-fibre ikomeye cyangwa ikibaho cya calcium silicate, icyiciro cyo gushyushya kigira uruhare runini rwo gufunga no gukumira, icyiciro gikonje kiroroshye kuvanaho gukonja vuba; Icya gatatu, umuyoboro uhumeka ushyirwa munsi yitanura nurukuta rwitanura. Umuyoboro uhumeka ufata amatafari yabugenewe yakozwe mbere yumunwa wumugore wumukandara, mugihe ushyigikiwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa sima, kandi ukareba ubukonje bwagahato bukonje mugihe cyubukonje.
2. Hindura uburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi kumurongo wigana
Kugeza ubu, amashanyarazi yo kugabanura itanura rya electrode itari nziza yakozwe hakurikijwe uburambe, kandi uburyo bwo gushushanya buhindurwa intoki igihe icyo ari cyo cyose ukurikije ubushyuhe n’itanura, kandi nta bipimo bihuriweho. Kunonosora umurongo wo gushyushya birashobora kugabanya igipimo cyo gukoresha ingufu no kwemeza neza itanura. NUMERICAL MODEL YO Guhuza inshinge BIKWIYE GUSHYIRA MU BIKORWA BIKORESHEJWE MU BIKORWA BIKORESHEJWE BIKORESHEJWE BIKORESHEJWE BIKORESHEJWE BIKORESHEJWE gushiraho umurongo ukwiye wo gushyushya no guhora uhindura mubikorwa nyirizina. Nko mugihe cyambere cyo kohereza amashanyarazi nugukoresha amashanyarazi menshi, hanyuma ugabanye vuba ingufu hanyuma uzamuke buhoro buhoro, imbaraga hanyuma ugabanye ingufu kugeza imbaraga zirangiye
2. Kongera igihe cyumurimo wumubiri wingenzi kandi ushyushye
Usibye gukoresha ingufu, ubuzima bwingenzi nubushyuhe nabwo bugena neza ikiguzi cyo gushushanya nabi. Kuri grafite ya grafite ikomeye kandi ishushanya, sisitemu yo gucunga umusaruro wo gupakira, kugenzura neza igipimo cyo gushyushya no gukonjesha, umurongo utanga umusaruro wihuse, gushimangira kashe kugirango wirinde okiside hamwe nizindi ngamba zo kongera ibihe byingenzi byo gutunganya, kugabanya neza igiciro cya grafite inking. Usibye ingamba zavuzwe haruguru, isahani yo gushyushya ya gride yisanduku ya grafitifike irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gushyushya anode yabanje gutekwa, electrode cyangwa ibikoresho bya karubone bihamye kandi birwanya imbaraga zo kuzigama igiciro.
2.4 Kugenzura imyuka ya gaz no gukoresha ubushyuhe
Gazi ya flue ikorwa mugihe cyo gushushanya ahanini ituruka ku guhindagurika no gutwika ibikoresho bya anode, gutwika karubone hejuru, kumeneka ikirere nibindi. Mugutangira itanura ryatangiye, guhindagurika hamwe n ivumbi bihunga umubare munini, ibidukikije byamahugurwa birakennye, ibigo byinshi ntabwo bifite ingamba zifatika zo kuvura, iki nikibazo gikomeye kibangamira ubuzima bwakazi numutekano wabakora mubikorwa bibi bya electrode. Hagomba gushyirwaho ingufu nyinshi kugirango dusuzume neza ikusanyamakuru n’imicungire myiza ya gazi n’umukungugu mu mahugurwa, kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zifatika zo guhumeka kugirango ubushyuhe bw’amahugurwa bugabanuke kandi bitezimbere imikorere y’amahugurwa ashushanya.
Nyuma ya gaze ya flue irashobora gukusanywa binyuze mumashanyarazi mucyumba cyo gutwika kivanze n’umuriro, ikuraho igice kinini cyumukungugu n ivumbi muri gaze ya flue, biteganijwe ko ubushyuhe bwa gaze ya flue mucyumba cyaka kiri hejuru ya 800 and, na ubushyuhe bwimyanda ya gaz ya flue irashobora kugarurwa binyuze mumashanyarazi yimyanda cyangwa icyuma gishyushya. Tekinoroji yo gutwika RTO ikoreshwa mugutunganya umwotsi wa karubone ya asfalt irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubisobanuro, kandi gazi ya asfalt irashyuha kugeza 850 ~ 900 ℃. Binyuze mu gutwika ubushyuhe, ibice bya asfalt hamwe n’ibindi bihindagurika hamwe nandi mavuta ya hydrocarubone ya polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbone muri gaze ya flue iba oxyde hanyuma amaherezo ikabora muri CO2 na H2O, kandi uburyo bwiza bwo kweza bushobora kugera kuri 99%. Sisitemu ifite imikorere ihamye nigipimo kinini cyo gukora.
2. 5 Itanura rihoraho rikomeza itanura
Itanura ryavuzwe haruguru ryubwoko butandukanye bwo gushushanya ni itanura nyamukuru ry itanura ryibikoresho bya anode mubushinwa, ingingo rusange ni umusaruro wigihe gito, umusaruro muke, ubushyuhe buke, gupakira ahanini bishingiye kubikorwa byintoki, urwego rwo kwikora ntiruri hejuru. Itanura risa na veritike ikomeza itanura ya grafitisiyonike irashobora gutezwa imbere hifashishijwe urugero rwerekana itanura rya peteroli ya kokiya hamwe nitanura rya bauxite. Kurwanya ARC IS ikoreshwa nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwubushyuhe, ibikoresho bikomeza gusohorwa nuburemere bwabyo, kandi uburyo busanzwe bwo gukonjesha amazi cyangwa gukonjesha gazi bikoreshwa mugukonjesha ubushyuhe bwo hejuru mukarere kasohokamo, hamwe na sisitemu yo gutanga ifu ya pneumatike. ikoreshwa mu gusohora no kugaburira ibikoresho hanze y'itanura. Ubwoko bwa FURNACE burashobora kubona umusaruro uhoraho, gutakaza ubushyuhe bwumubiri w itanura birashobora kwirengagizwa, bityo imikorere yubushyuhe iratera imbere kuburyo bugaragara, umusaruro nogukoresha ingufu biragaragara, kandi ibikorwa byikora byose birashobora kugerwaho byuzuye. Ibibazo nyamukuru bigomba gukemurwa ni ubwinshi bwifu yifu, uburinganire bwikigereranyo cya grafite, umutekano, kugenzura ubushyuhe no gukonjesha, nibindi. Byizerwa ko hamwe niterambere ryiza ry itanura kugirango umusaruro w’inganda wiyongere, bizatangiza impinduramatwara muri umurima wa electrode mbi.
Ururimi
Imiti ya graphite nikibazo kinini kibangamiye lithium bateri anode yibikoresho. Impamvu y'ibanze ni uko hakiri ibibazo bimwe na bimwe mu gukoresha amashanyarazi, ikiguzi, kurengera ibidukikije, impamyabumenyi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, umutekano hamwe n’ibindi bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu itanura rya grafite. Ibizaza mu nganda ni uguteza imbere ibyuka byangiza kandi byateguwe bikomeza byubaka itanura ry'umusaruro, no gushyigikira ibikoresho bifasha kandi byizewe. Muri kiriya gihe, ibibazo byo gushushanya byugarije inganda bizatera imbere ku buryo bugaragara, kandi inganda zizinjira mu gihe cy’iterambere rihamye, bizamura iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nshya zijyanye n’ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-19-2022