Ibikoresho bibisi: Nibihe bikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mugukora karubone?
Mu musaruro wa karubone, ibikoresho fatizo bisanzwe bikoreshwa birashobora kugabanywamo ibikoresho bikomeye bya karubone hamwe na binder hamwe ninda ibyara.
Ibikoresho bikomeye bya karubone birimo kokiya ya peteroli, kokiya ya bituminiyumu, kokiya metallurgiki, anthracite, grafite karemano hamwe n’ibisigazwa bya grafite, nibindi.
Ibikoresho bihuza kandi byinjiza harimo ikara ryamakara, igitara cyamakara, amavuta ya anthracene hamwe nubutaka bwa sintetike, nibindi.
Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bimwe bifasha nkumusenyi wa quartz, metallurgical coke uduce hamwe nifu ya kokiya nabyo bikoreshwa mubikorwa.
Ibicuruzwa bimwe bidasanzwe bya karubone na grafite (nka fibre karubone, karubone ikora, karubone ya pyrolytike na grafite ya pyrolytike, karuboni yikirahure) ikorwa mubindi bikoresho bidasanzwe.
Kubara: Kubara ni iki? Ni ibihe bikoresho fatizo bigomba kubarwa?
Inzira yo kuvura ubushyuhe yitwa calcination.
Kubara nuburyo bwambere bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe mubikorwa bya karubone. Kubara bitera urukurikirane rwimpinduka mumiterere numubiri na chimique yubwoko bwose bwibikoresho fatizo bya karubone.
Kokiya ikora ubushyuhe bwa kokusi ya bituminiyumu na kokiya ya metallurgiki ni hejuru cyane (hejuru ya 1000 ° C), ibyo bikaba bihwanye n'ubushyuhe bwo kubara itanura mu gihingwa cya karubone. Ntishobora kongera kubara kandi igomba gukama gusa nubushuhe.
Nyamara, niba kokiya ya bituminiyumu na kokiya ya peteroli ikoreshwa hamwe mbere yo kubara, izoherezwa kuri calciner kugirango ibare hamwe na kokiya ya peteroli.
Ubusanzwe grafite na karubone birasaba kubara.
Gukuramo ibishushanyo mbonera ni uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu bya plastike.
Igikorwa cyo gukuramo paste gikorerwa mucyumba cyibikoresho (cyangwa silinderi ya paste) hamwe nizunguruka arc nozzle.
Amashanyarazi ashyushye mucyumba cyo gupakira atwarwa ninyuma nyamukuru.
Gazi iri muri paste ihatirwa guhora yirukanwa, paste ikomeza guhuzagurika kandi paste ikomeza imbere icyarimwe.
Iyo paste yimukiye muri silinderi igice cyicyumba, paste irashobora gufatwa nkurugendo rutemba, kandi urwego rwa granular rurasa.
Iyo paste yinjiye mugice cya extrusion nozzle hamwe no guhindura arc, paste yegereye urukuta rwumunwa irashobora guhangana cyane no guterana amagambo mbere, ibikoresho bitangira kunama, paste imbere itanga umuvuduko utandukanye wambere, paste y'imbere iratera imbere imbere, bivamo ibicuruzwa kumurongo wa radiyo ntabwo ari kimwe, kubwibyo gukuramo.
Hanyuma, paste yinjira kumurongo wo guhindura ibintu kandi irasohoka.
Kotsa ni uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe aho ibicuruzwa bibisi bigabanijwe bishyushya ku kigero runaka mugihe cyo gutandukanya umwuka muburyo bwo gukingira mu itanura.
Muburyo bwo kotsa, kubera kurandura ibinyabuzima bihindagurika, kokisi ya asfalt ikora gride ya kokiya, kubora no polymerisime ya asfalt, no gushiraho urusobe runini rwindege ya karubone ya karuboni, nibindi, kurwanya byagabanutse cyane.Mu 10000 x 10-6 ibicuruzwa bibisi birwanya Ω “m, nyuma yo gutekwa na 40-50 x 10-6 Ω” m, bita imiyoboro myiza.
Nyuma yo kotsa, ibicuruzwa bigabanuka hafi 1% ya diametre, 2% muburebure na 2-3% mubunini.
Nyamara, nyuma yo gutwika ibicuruzwa bibisi, igice cya asifalt yamakara cyangirika muri gaze kirahunga, ikindi gice kirimo kokoka muri kokiya ya bituminiyumu.
Ingano ya kokumu ya bituminiyumu ni nto cyane kuruta iy'amakara. Nubwo igabanuka gato muburyo bwo kotsa, ibyondo byinshi bidasanzwe kandi bito bifite ubunini butandukanye buracyafite mubicuruzwa.
Kurugero, igiteranyo cyibicuruzwa byashushanyije muri rusange bigera kuri 25-32%, naho ibikomoka kuri karubone muri rusange 16-25%.
Kubaho kwinshi kwimyenge byanze bikunze bigira ingaruka kumubiri na chimique yibicuruzwa.
Muri rusange, ibicuruzwa bishushanyije hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi, kugabanuka kwubunini, kongera ubukana, imbaraga za mashini, ku bushyuhe runaka bwikigereranyo cya okiside yihuta, kurwanya ruswa nabyo birangirika, gaze namazi byoroshye.
Kwinjiza ni inzira yo kugabanya ububobere, kongera ubwinshi, kongera imbaraga zo kwikomeretsa, kugabanya ubukana bwibicuruzwa byarangiye, no guhindura imiterere yumubiri nubumara byibicuruzwa.
Intego zayo ni:
(1) Kunoza ubushyuhe bwumuriro n amashanyarazi yibicuruzwa.
(2) Kunoza ubushyuhe bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bwimiti yibicuruzwa.
(3) Kunoza amavuta no kwambara birwanya ibicuruzwa.
(4) Kuraho umwanda kandi utezimbere imbaraga zibicuruzwa.
Ibicuruzwa bya karubone bifunitse bifite ubunini nubunini bifite impamyabumenyi zitandukanye zo guhindura no kugongana mugihe cyo kotsa no gushushanya. Mugihe kimwe, bimwe byuzuzanya bihujwe hejuru yibicuruzwa bya karubone byafunzwe.
Ntishobora gukoreshwa hatabayeho gutunganya imashini, ibicuruzwa rero bigomba gukorwa kandi bigatunganywa muburyo bwa geometrike.
(2) Gukenera gukoreshwa
Ukurikije ibyo umukoresha asabwa gutunganya.
Niba electrode ya grafite ya elegitoronike yo gukora ibyuma igomba guhuzwa, igomba guhindurwa umwobo uhambiriye kumpande zombi zicuruzwa, hanyuma electrode zombi zigomba guhuzwa kugirango zikoreshwe hamwe nu mugozi udasanzwe.
(3) Ibisabwa mu ikoranabuhanga
Ibicuruzwa bimwe bigomba gutunganywa muburyo bwihariye no kubisobanuro ukurikije tekinoroji yabakoresha.
Ndetse n'ubutaka bwo hasi burakenewe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-10-2020