Nk'ibikoresho fatizo by'ingenzi mu nganda zikora imiti muri iki gihe, inzira yo gukaranga ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu bushyuhe bwinshi igira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza n'umusaruro wa peteroli. Muri iyi nyandiko, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukaranga ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu bushyuhe bwinshi riraganirwaho hamwe n'akamaro k'umusaruro wayo. Ku bw'ibyo, ibigo bitanga serivisi.
Akamaro k'ikorwa rya peteroli ya coke bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi
Gutunganya peteroli ya coke ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi mu gukora anode ya aluminiyumu. Intego yayo ni ugukuraho ibintu bihindagurika mu bikoresho fatizo no kunoza ubucucike, imbaraga za mekanike, imikorere y'amashanyarazi n'ubudahangarwa bw'ibinyabutabire. Mu gihe cyo gutunganya peteroli, imiterere y'ibinyabutabire n'imiterere y'imiterere ya peteroli ya coke byarahindutse, kandi imiterere y'ibinyabutabire n'imiti by'ibikoresho fatizo byararushijeho kuzamuka cyane nyuma yo gutunganya peteroli.
Iyi mitungo yihariye y’ibicuruzwa ishobora guhaza ibisabwa byinshi mu nganda zikora imiti, ku buryo zimwe mu nganda zishobora kongera kuyikoresha. Mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha, ubuziranenge bw’ingano ya calcination n’uburemere bw’inzira ya calcination bigira ingaruka ku musaruro n’ukuri bya peteroli coke. Kubwibyo, ni ingenzi cyane kwiga ikoranabuhanga rya calcination rishyushye cyane kuri peteroli coke.
Isesengura rya tekiniki rya koka ya peteroli ifite calcium ku bushyuhe bwinshi
Ukoresheje ubucuruzi bw'ibinyabutabire mu gihugu cyacu na calcium, bigira uruhare mu bintu bitandukanye bijyanye n'ubwiza, umutekano, umusaruro n'ibindi nk'ibikomoka kuri peteroli, uburyo bwa calcium bukoreshwa mu gihugu cyacu burimo ubushyuhe bwinshi ni: itanura rizunguruka, itanura rya carbon, itanura ry'ikigega, n'ibindi. Ihame, imiterere, ikoreshwa n'ibipimo by'ubukungu by'ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye rya calcium biragereranywa kugira ngo bitange icyitegererezo ku musaruro w'ibigo.
(1) Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukaranga ifuru izunguruka
1. Isesengura ry'ingenzi: Ikoranabuhanga rya rotary furnace hamwe n'imiterere yihariye y'itanura rizunguruka rishobora gutanga uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa coke ikomeye ya peteroli. Ihame ry'ikoranabuhanga rya rotary furnace ni ukwishingikiriza ku kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bwo hanze mu gikorwa cyo gutwika coke ya peteroli no kwihutisha imikorere ya chimique mu kuzunguruka, kugira ngo byihutishe umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe bwa coke ya peteroli kandi bitume coke ya peteroli ikorwa hakoreshejwe calcination y'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
2. Ikoranabuhanga rya rotary furnale rigizwe ahanini n'ibi bikurikira:
1) Gushyushya: uzungurutsa buhoro buhoro silinda hanyuma wongeramo ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bitwika kugira ngo coke y'imbere ya peteroli igere aho umuriro ugurumana kandi ishyuhe buhoro buhoro;
2) Gukaranga: kwihutisha inyuma guhindagurika kwa silindiri, mu gihe hongerwa ubushyuhe bwa kalisi, uburyo bwo gukaranga imbere muri peteroli bwariyongereye;
3) Gukonjesha: Gukonjesha kwa peteroli nyuma yo guhindagurika kw'amazi bitanga peteroli ya peteroli mu buryo bunoze cyane.
3, ibyiza n'ibibi n'isesengura rifatika: hamwe n'umusaruro munini w'inganda, itanura rizunguruka rifite imiterere yoroshye gukora, umusaruro mwinshi, igiciro gito, kubungabunga byoroshye, nibindi, rishobora gukora neza ku bigo mu gihe cy'imyaka 20 kugeza kuri 30, rikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye bwa peteroli ya karuboni. Muri icyo gihe, itanura rizunguruka ubwaryo rikoresha ihame ryo kuzunguruka no gukora ibinyabutabire by'ibikoresho bitwika imbere mu nzu kugira ngo rigabanyirize ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho bitwika. Ariko, iyo peteroli izunguruka mu gice cy'umurambararo, ubushyuhe bwinshi bworoshye gutuma ingirabuzimafatizo zishiraho, bigatuma ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa bya calcium calcium calcined butiyongera, muri byo umusaruro mwiza cyane ni hafi 10% gusa.
Bityo, hamwe n’imiterere y’itanura rizunguruka, ibigo bigomba gukora uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi n’imikorere yabyo mu gihe cy’imikorere, kugira ngo byuzuze ibisabwa mu kunoza imikorere myiza y’inganda, kongera imbaraga za calcination no kongera ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa uko bishoboka kose.
(2) Ikoranabuhanga rya calcination ya Coke mu ifuru
1. Isesengura ry'ingenzi: Gukaranga mu ifuru ya Coke bituma coke yatunganyijwe by'umwihariko binyuze mu itanura rikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi rikozwe mu matafari afite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umuriro mwinshi, kandi coke yakozwe irasenywa ikanatunganywa kugira ngo ikore ibintu byiza n'inganda zikenera kugira ngo zikore coke. Muri ubu buryo, hari ibisabwa bikomeye ku ishyirwa mu byiciro rya coke mbisi hamwe n'ubushyuhe n'igihe cyo kukaranga coke.
2, ibyiza n'ibibi n'isesengura rifatika: ugereranije n'ikoranabuhanga rya rotary furnace, furnace ya coke ifite umusaruro mwinshi kandi ifite imiterere myiza cyane. Ihitamo guhangana n'ibintu bitandukanye, ishobora kugera ku igenzura ryikora mu buryo bwikora, ishobora gukora coke igezweho ku bigo. Muri icyo gihe, ikorwa rya coke furnace rihura n'ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'ubwubatsi, ibisabwa cyane mu kubaka furnace ya coke, kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ifurnace neza, ikiguzi kinini cyo kubungabunga kizagira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'ikoreshwa rya coke furnace.
Ariko, kugira ngo ikoranabuhanga rya peteroli rikoreshwe mu gukaraba lisansi mu gihe kizaza, gukaraba lisansi mu ifuru ya coke bishobora kugira uruhare mu kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, kandi bishobora gutanga umusanzu mu kurengera ibidukikije no gukoresha ingufu mu buryo bwuzuye, gukaraba lisansi mu ifuru ya coke bifite amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere.
(3) ikoranabuhanga rya calciner yo mu kigega
1. Isesengura ry'ingenzi: Imiterere y'ingenzi y'itanura rya calcination ryo mu bwoko bwa canne irimo: ikigega cyo kugaburiramo, inzira y'umuriro, icyumba cyo guhindurira ubushyuhe, igikoresho cyo kugaburira no gusohora amazi, igikoresho gikonjesha amazi, nibindi. Mu gihe cyo gukaraba ubushyuhe bwinshi, peteroli coke yongewe mu kigega ikora uko ibintu bya karuboni imbere binyura mu bikoresho by'imbere bidahinduka, kugira ngo ikarangize gukaraba ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ikigega gisanzwe cya calcination gishobora kugabanywamo calcination yo munsi y'amazi n'iy'amazi anyura inyuma bitewe n'urwego n'icyerekezo cy'aho umwotsi usohoka.
2, isesengura ry’inyungu n’ibibi n’isesengura rifatika: itanura rya calcination ryo mu bwoko bwa canner rikoreshwa cyane mu gihugu cyacu, ni ryo shingiro ry’inganda mu nganda zacu za karuboni, binyuze mu buryo bwihariye bwo gutunganya peteroli, coke ishobora guhaza ubushyuhe burundu, ibisabwa mu buryo butaziguye mu gushyushya, kandi imbere mu nzu hashobora kwirinda guhumeka k’umwuka, kugabanya igipimo cyo gutakaza ogisijeni, kongera umusaruro n’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Ariko, iyo ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya canister calciner, hari inzira nyinshi zo gukoresha intoki, ibyo byongera ibyago by’umutekano. Muri icyo gihe, canister ubwayo ifite ibyobo byinshi ikenera, ibyo bigatera ingorane mu kubungabunga.
Mu gihe kizaza, ibigo bishobora gukomeza kwiga ikoranabuhanga rya calcination ya canister uhereye ku ngano y'ibisohoka, iperereza ku byago n'ibindi, kugira ngo bigere ku ntego yo kongera umusaruro wa calcination ya peteroli mu bushyuhe bwinshi.
Muri make, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa peteroli coke calcination bufite ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda z’ibinyabutabire n’inganda za aluminiyumu mu gihugu cyacu. Ibigo bishobora guhitamo ikoranabuhanga rikwiye rya calcination rijyanye n’ibyo byifuza mu nganda, hanyuma bigahita bigabanya ikiguzi n’ubushobozi bw’ibigo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-28-2022