Icyemezo cya komisiyo y’ibihugu by’i Burayi cyo kurwanya imyanda kuri electrode y’Ubushinwa

Komisiyo y’Uburayi yizera ko kwiyongera kw’Ubushinwa byohereza mu Burayi byangije inganda zibishinzwe mu Burayi. Muri 2020, Uburayi bukenera karubone bwaragabanutse kubera igabanuka ry’ubushobozi bw’ibyuma n’icyorezo, ariko umubare w’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu Bushinwa wiyongereyeho 12% umwaka ushize, naho umugabane w’isoko ugera kuri 33.8%, wiyongera 11.3. amanota y'ijanisha; Umugabane w’isoko ry’inganda z’abakozi b’i Burayi wagabanutse uva kuri 61.1% muri 2017 ugera kuri 55.2% muri 2020.
Iperereza ryakozwe ryarimo ibipimo ngenderwaho byinshi nko guhuza ibicuruzwa, inkomoko nigiciro cya kokiya ya peteroli, amafaranga yo gutwara, amashanyarazi nuburyo bwo kubara. Amasomo y’Abashinwa nk’Urugaga rw’Ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa mu nganda z’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi, itsinda rya Fangda na Liaoning dantan ryashidikanyaga kandi bemeza ko amahame yemejwe na komisiyo y’Uburayi yagoretse.
Iperereza ryurubanza ririmo ibipimo byinshi byerekana ibicuruzwa. Abashinwa nk'Urugaga rw'Ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa mu nganda z’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi, itsinda rya Fangda na Liaoning dantan bose bibajije ko amahame yemejwe na komisiyo y’Uburayi yagoretse.
Icyakora, ubujurire bwinshi bwanzwe na komisiyo y’Uburayi kubera ko inganda z’Abashinwa zitashyize ahagaragara ibipimo ngenderwaho byiza cyangwa bidashyizwe ku rutonde.
Ubushinwa n’igihugu kinini cyohereza ibicuruzwa bya electrode. Everbright Securities yagaragaje ko mu myaka yashize, iperereza ryo kurwanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga rya electrode ya grafite yo mu Bushinwa byakomeje, ibyo bikaba biterwa n’igiciro gito ndetse n’izamuka rya buhoro buhoro mu bwiza bwa electrode yo mu gihugu, kandi ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereye umwaka ku mwaka.
Kuva mu 1998, Ubuhinde, Burezili, Mexico na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika byagiye bikurikirana iperereza rirwanya imyanda kandi bishyiraho imisoro yo kurwanya imyanda kuri electrode yo mu Bushinwa.
Raporo ya Everbright Securities yerekana ko u Bushinwa bukuru bwohereza ibicuruzwa bya electrode ya grafite harimo Uburusiya, Maleziya, Turukiya, Ubutaliyani n'ibindi.
Kuva muri 2017 kugeza 2018, ubushobozi bwo gukora amashanyarazi ya grafite electrode mumahanga yagiye buhoro buhoro. Ibigo nka graftech muri Amerika na Sigri SGL mu Budage byakomeje kugabanya ubushobozi bw’umusaruro, kandi bifunga inganda eshatu z’amahanga, bigabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora toni zigera ku 200000. Icyuho cyo gutanga no gukenera mu mahanga cyarushijeho kwiyongera, bituma ishoramari rya electrode yo mu Bushinwa isubira mu mahanga.
Everbright Securities iteganya ko Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike ya electrode yoherezwa mu mahanga biteganijwe ko bizagera kuri toni 498500 mu 2025, bikiyongera 17% mu 2021.
Dukurikije imibare ya Baichuan Yingfu, ubushobozi bwo gukora amashanyarazi ya electrode yo mu gihugu mu 2021 yari toni miliyoni 1.759. Ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga byari toni 426200, hamwe n’umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 27%, urwego rwo hejuru mu gihe kimwe mu myaka itanu ishize.
Icyifuzo cyo hasi ya electrode ya grafite yibanda cyane cyane mu nganda enye: gukora ibyuma bya arc itanura ry’amashanyarazi, itanura rya arc ryarohamye ryogosha fosifore yumuhondo, silikoni yo mu nganda n’inganda, muri byo hakaba hakenewe cyane ibyuma by’amashanyarazi ya arc.
Dukurikije imibare y’amakuru ya Baichuan, icyifuzo cya electrode ya grafite mu nganda z’icyuma n’ibyuma kizaba hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibisabwa muri 2020. Niba harebwa gusa icyifuzo cy’imbere mu gihugu, electrode ya grafite ikoreshwa mu mashanyarazi ya arc itanura ibyuma bingana hafi 80% by'ibicuruzwa byose.
Everbright Securities yerekanye ko electrode ya grafite ari iy'inganda zikoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi zangiza imyuka myinshi. Hamwe noguhindura politiki kuva kugenzura ikoreshwa ryingufu kugeza kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, uburyo bwo gutanga no gukenera amashanyarazi ya grafite bizanozwa cyane. Ugereranije ninganda ndende zitunganya ibyuma, inzira ngufi EAF ibyuma bifite ibyiza byo kugenzura karubone, kandi ibyifuzo byinganda za electrode ya electrode biteganijwe ko byiyongera vuba.