1. IBIKORESHO BY'IMBUTO
Coke (hafi 75-80% by'ibiyirimo)
Coke ya Peteroli
Coke ya peteroli ni yo y'ingenzi cyane, kandi ikorwa mu buryo butandukanye, kuva kuri coke ifite anisotropic nyinshi kugeza kuri coke ifite amazi asa n'aya isotropic. Coke ifite anisotropic nyinshi, bitewe n'imiterere yayo, ni ingenzi cyane mu gukora electrode zikora neza zikoreshwa mu itanura ry'amashanyarazi, aho hakenewe ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane mu mashanyarazi, mu by'ikoranabuhanga no mu bushyuhe. Coke ya peteroli ikorwa hafi ya yose bitewe n'uburyo bwo guconga butinze, ari na bwo buryo bworoshye bwo guconga ibisigazwa by'amavuta mabi bidasukuye.
Ishinya rya koke ni ijambo rikunze gukoreshwa ku bwoko bwihariye bwa koke bufite ubushobozi bwo gushushanya bwinshi cyane buturuka ku kuba ifite imiterere ya turbostratike ndetse n'imiterere yihariye y'ibinyampeke.
Ibikoresho byo gufunga (hafi 20-25% by'ibikubiye muri ibyo bicuruzwa)
Ikibuga cya kaburimbo cy'amakara
Ibikoresho byo gufatanya bikoreshwa mu guteranya uduce duto tw’ibinyabutabire. Ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kunywesha butuma imvange iba pulasitiki kugira ngo ikoreshwe cyangwa ikoreshwe nyuma.
Icupa rya kaburimbo ni ikintu cy’umwimerere kandi gifite imiterere yihariye y’impumuro nziza. Bitewe n’uko rifite impeta nyinshi za benzene zasimbuwe kandi zifunze, rimaze kugira imiterere ya kaburimbo ya hexagonal, bityo byoroshya ikorwa rya graphite iteguye neza mu gihe cyo gushushanya. Icupa rya kaburimbo ni ryo rituma habaho inyungu nyinshi. Ni ibisigazwa bya kaburimbo ya kaburimbo.
2. KUVANGANYA NO GUSOHORA
Coke isya ivangwa n'ubushyuhe bw'amakara n'ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo bibe umusemburo umwe. Ibi bishyirwa mu cyuma gisohora umwuka. Mu ntambwe ya mbere umwuka ugomba gukurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukanda. Intambwe nyayo yo gukuramo umwuka ikurikira aho uruvange rusohoka kugira ngo rukore electrode ifite umurambararo n'uburebure byifuzwa. Kugira ngo uruvange rube rworoshye cyane cyane inzira yo gukuramo umwuka (reba ifoto iburyo) uruvange rugomba kuba rworoshye. Ibi bigerwaho iyo rugumye ku bushyuhe buri hejuru bwa dogere selisiyusi 120 (bitewe n'ubushyuhe) mu gihe cyose cyo gukora icyatsi kibisi. Iyi shusho y'ibanze ifite imiterere y'umuzenguruko izwi nka "electrode y'icyatsi kibisi".
3. GUTEKA
Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'amatanura yo gutekeshamo:
Aha ngaha, inkoni zisohoka zishyirwa mu dusanduku tw'icyuma kitagira umuzenguruko (saggers). Kugira ngo hirindwe guhinduka kwa electrodes mu gihe cyo gushyushya, udusanduku twuzuyemo umucanga urinda. Utwo dusanduku dushyirwa ku mbuga za gari ya moshi (hepfo y'imodoka) hanyuma tukajugunywa mu mashyiga akoresha gaze karemano.
Ifuru y'impeta
Aha electrode zishyirwa mu mwobo w’amabuye uri hasi mu cyumba cy’umusaruro. Uyu mwobo ni igice cy’uburyo bw’impeta bw’ibyumba birenga 10. Ibyumba bihujwe hamwe n’uburyo bwo kuzenguruka umwuka ushyushye kugira ngo bizigame ingufu. Icyuho kiri hagati y’ibyo byuma nacyo cyuzuyemo umucanga kugira ngo hirindwe guhinduka. Mu gihe cyo guteka, aho ubushyuhe buhinduka karuboni, ubushyuhe bugomba kugenzurwa neza kuko ku bushyuhe bugera kuri 800°C, umwuka wihuta ushobora gutera gucika kwa electrode.
Muri iki cyiciro, electrode zifite ubucucike buri hagati ya 1,55 - 1,60 kg / dm3.
4. GUTERA IMBARAGA
Electrode zitetse ziterwamo umuvuduko wihariye (umuvuduko w'amazi kuri 200°C) kugira ngo zihabwe ubucucike bwinshi, imbaraga za mekanike, n'ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi zizakenera kugira ngo zihangane n'imimerere ikomeye yo gukora mu itanura.
5. KONGERA GUTEKA
Urundi rugendo rwo guteka, cyangwa "kongera guteka," rurakenewe kugira ngo habeho karuboni mu gutwikirwa kw'amazi no kwirukana ibintu byose bisigaye. Ubushyuhe bwo kongera guteka bugera hafi kuri dogere selisiyusi 750. Muri iki cyiciro, electrode zishobora kugera ku bucucike buri hagati ya 1,67 - 1,74 kg / dm3.
6. GRAPHITIZATION
Ifuru ya Acheson
Intambwe ya nyuma mu gukora grafiti ni uguhindura karuboni itetse ikaba grafiti, byitwa grafitizing. Mu gihe cyo gukora grafitizing, karuboni isanzwe cyangwa nkeya (turbostratique carbone) ihinduka imiterere ya grafiti ifite imiterere itatu.
Ama-electrode apfunyitse mu itanura ry'amashanyarazi rizengurutswe n'uduce twa karuboni kugira ngo bikore ikintu gikomeye. Umuriro w'amashanyarazi unyura mu itanura, ukazamura ubushyuhe bukagera kuri dogere selisiyusi 3000. Ubusanzwe iki gikorwa kigerwaho hakoreshejwe ACHESON FURNACE cyangwa LENGTHWISE FURNACE (LWG).
Ukoresheje itanura rya Acheson, electrode zishushanywa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa batch, mu gihe muri itanura rya LWG inkingi yose ishushanywa icyarimwe.
7. IKORANABUHANGA
Electrode za grafiti (nyuma yo gukonjesha) zikorwa ku bipimo n'ubushobozi bukwiye. Iki cyiciro gishobora kandi kubamo gutunganya no gushyira impera (soketi) z'ayo ma electrode hakoreshejwe sisitemu yo guhuza icyuma cya grafiti (nipple).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mata-08-2021