“Gutanga ingufu” ni ingingo ishyushye mu Bushinwa kuva muri Nzeri. Impamvu yo "gukwirakwiza ingufu" ni uguteza imbere intego yo "kutabogama kwa karubone" no kugenzura ikoreshwa ry'ingufu. Byongeye kandi, kuva mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka, hari amakuru atandukanye y’ibikoresho fatizo by’ibicuruzwa byagaragaye nyuma y’ibindi, muri byo harimo electrode ya grafite, ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu nganda z’ibyuma, ntibyitabweho cyane n’isoko muri uyu mwaka, ndetse n’ibyuma inganda no kutabogama kwa karubone.
Urunigi rw'inganda: rukoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibyuma
Graphite electrode ni ubwoko bwubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwogukoresha ibikoresho bya grafite, electrode ya grafite irashobora kuyobora amashanyarazi ningufu, kugirango ushongeshe ibyuma mumyanda iturika cyangwa ibindi bikoresho fatizo kugirango bibyare ibyuma nibindi bicuruzwa, cyane cyane bikoreshwa mubyuma. . Graphite electrode ni ubwoko bwibintu bifite imbaraga nke kandi birwanya ubushyuhe bwumuriro mu itanura ryamashanyarazi. Ibintu nyamukuru biranga umusaruro wa grafite ya electrode nigihe kirekire cyo gukora (mubisanzwe bimara amezi atatu kugeza kuri atanu), gukoresha ingufu nyinshi hamwe nuburyo bukomeye bwo gukora.
Inganda zinganda zinganda za grafite electrode:
Uruganda rwa Graphite electrode urwego rwo hejuru rwibikoresho fatizo cyane cyane kuri kokiya ya peteroli, kokiya y'urushinge, igipimo cyibikoresho fatizo bingana nigiciro cya electrode ya electrode nini ni kinini, kikaba kirenga 65%, bitewe n’ikoranabuhanga ry’ikoranabuhanga rya kokiya yo mu Bushinwa n’ikoranabuhanga ugereranije n’Ubuyapani n’ibindi bihugu biracyafite icyuho kinini, ubwiza bwa kokiya yo mu gihugu biragoye kubyemeza, bityo rero Ubushinwa butumiza mu mahanga kuri kokiya y’urushinge rwo mu rwego rwo hejuru buracyari hejuru, Muri 2018, itangwa rya kokiya inshinge mu Bushinwa ryari toni 418.000, muri yo toni 218.000 byatumijwe mu mahanga, bingana na 50%. Inzira nyamukuru ikoreshwa ya grafite electrode iri mubikorwa bya eAF.
Graphite electrode ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushonga ibyuma nicyuma. Iterambere ry’inganda za electrode mu Bushinwa ahanini rijyanye no kuvugurura inganda z’icyuma n’icyuma. Ubushinwa bwa grafite electrode yatangiye mu myaka ya za 1950. Warburg Securities yagabanije iterambere rya electrode ya grafite mu Bushinwa mu byiciro bitatu:
1. Gutangira iterambere muri 1995 - umusaruro mwinshi muri 2011;
2. Gutandukanya ibigo byakajije umurego muri 2013 - ubukungu bwazamutse cyane muri 2017;
3. 2018 iri munzira yo hasi - intambara zibiciro ziratangira muri 2019.
Gutanga no gusaba: itanura ryamashanyarazi isaba konte kuri benshi
Ku bijyanye n’ibisohoka n’ibikoreshwa, nk’uko isesengura ry’ubukonje Sullivan ribivuga, umusaruro wa electrode ya grafite mu Bushinwa wagabanutse uva kuri toni miliyoni 0.53 muri 2015 ugera kuri toni miliyoni 0.50 muri 2016, byerekana ko wagabanutse. Muri 2020, icyorezo cyagize ingaruka mbi ku mikorere y'abakora ibicuruzwa kubera guhagarika imiyoborere ku masaha y'akazi, guhagarika abakozi no guhindura imikorere.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, Ubushinwa umusaruro wa electrode ya grafite wagabanutse cyane. Irateganya ko umusaruro uzagera kuri kilo 1,142,6 muri 2025, hamwe na cagR igera kuri 9.7% kuva 2020 kugeza 2025, mugihe ibikorwa bizakomeza ndetse na politiki yubuyobozi igamije guteza imbere ibyuma bya eAF.
Ibyo rero nibisohoka, hanyuma ukoreshe. Ikoreshwa rya electrode ya Graphite mu Bushinwa ryatangiye kwiyongera guhera mu 2016, rigera kuri toni miliyoni 0.59 muri 2020, hamwe na cagR ya 10.3% kuva 2015 kugeza 2020. Biteganijwe ko ikoreshwa rya electrode ya Graphite rizagera kuri toni miliyoni 0.94 mu 2025. umusaruro wa electrode no kuyikoresha.
Ibisohoka bya grafite electrode ihuye nibyuma bya EAF. Iterambere ryibyuma bya EAF bizatera icyifuzo cya electrode ya grafite mugihe kizaza. Ishyirahamwe ry’ibyuma n’ibyuma ku isi ndetse n’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda za Carbone mu Bushinwa, rivuga ko Ubushinwa bwakoze toni miliyoni 127.4 z’ibyuma bya eaf na toni 742.100 za electrode ya grafite. Umusaruro niterambere ryikigereranyo cya electrode ya grafite mubushinwa bifitanye isano rya hafi n’umusaruro n’ubwiyongere bw’ibyuma bya eAF mu Bushinwa.
Muri 2019 na 2020, isi yose ikenera ibyuma bya eAF nicyuma kitari EAF ni toni 1.376.800 na toni 1.472.300. Warburg Securities iteganya ko icyifuzo rusange ku isi kiziyongera cyane mu myaka itanu iri imbere kandi kizagera kuri toni zigera kuri 2.104.400 mu 2025.Icyifuzo cy’ibyuma by’itanura ry’amashanyarazi gifite umubare munini, bivugwa ko kizagera kuri toni 1.809.500 mu 2025.
Ugereranije no gutanura ibyuma byo gutanura, gukora itanura ryamashanyarazi bifite ibyiza bigaragara mubyuka byangiza. Ugereranije no gukora amabuye y'icyuma, gukora ibyuma hamwe na toni 1 y'ibyuma bisakara birashobora kugabanya toni 1,6 za gaze karuboni na toni 3 zangiza imyanda. Ubushakashatsi bwa Brokerage bwerekana ko itanura ryamashanyarazi hamwe nicyuma gitanura ibyuma kuri toni yikigereranyo cyohereza imyuka ya karubone kurwego 0.5: 1.9. Abashakashatsi ba Brokerage bavuze bati: "iterambere ry’icyuma cy’amashanyarazi rigomba kuba inzira rusange."
Muri Gicurasi, Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho yasohoye Itangazo ku ngamba zo gushyira mu bikorwa ubushobozi bwo gusimbuza ubushobozi mu nganda z’ibyuma n’ibyuma, zashyizwe mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro ku ya 1 Kamena. kwagura ahantu h'ingenzi hagamijwe gukumira no kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere. Inzego zizera ko uburyo bushya bwo gusimbuza ubushobozi buzarushaho kugabanya ubushobozi bwibyuma, guhuza inganda zibyuma kugirango bikemure ubushobozi burenze. Muri icyo gihe, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’uburyo bwavuguruwe bwo gusimbuza bizihutisha iterambere rya eAF, kandi igipimo cy’ibyuma bya eAF kiziyongera.
Graphite electrode nibikoresho byingenzi by itanura ryamashanyarazi, biterwa no gukenera itanura ryamashanyarazi, biteganijwe ko irushaho kwiyongera, electrode ya grafite yibasiwe nigiciro cyayo.
Imihindagurikire nini y'ibiciro: ibiranga cycle
Kuva mu 2014 kugeza 2016, isoko rya elegitoroniki ya electrode ku isi ryaragabanutse kubera ubushake buke bwo hasi, kandi ibiciro bya electrode ya grafite byakomeje kuba bike. Muri 2016 hamwe na grafite ya electrode ikora kubushobozi bwumurongo uri munsi yikiguzi cyo gukora, kubarura imibereho kugeza hasi, 2017 politiki yarangiye ihagarika itanura rya interineti rya interineti rya DeTiaoGang, umubare munini wibyuma bishaje mu itanura ryibyuma, inganda za electrode ya grafite mubushinwa mugice cya kabiri cyakabiri 2017 isabwa ryiyongereye, kubera kwiyongera kw'ibikenerwa bya grake ya electrode ya kokiya ku giciro cy'ibikoresho fatizo byazamutse cyane muri 2017, Muri 2019, byatugezeho $ 3,769.9 kuri toni, byikubye inshuro 5.7 guhera mu 2016.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-15-2021