Ubushobozi budasanzwe bwa Graphite bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza cyangwa guhererekanya ubushyuhe kure yibintu bikomeye bituma biba ibikoresho byiza mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki birimo semiconductor, moteri yamashanyarazi, ndetse no gukora bateri zigezweho.
Graphene nicyo abahanga naba injeniyeri bita igipande kimwe cya grafite kurwego rwa atome, kandi ibyo bice bito bya graphene birazingururwa kandi bikoreshwa muri nanotube. Ibi birashoboka bitewe nubushakashatsi butangaje bwamashanyarazi nimbaraga zidasanzwe hamwe no gukomera.
Uyu munsi karubone nanotubes yubatswe hamwe nuburebure bwa diameter kugera kuri 132.000.000: 1, nini cyane kuruta ibindi bikoresho. Usibye gukoreshwa muri nanotehnologiya, ikiri shyashya kwisi ya semiconductor, twakagombye kumenya ko abakora grafite benshi bakoze amanota yihariye ya grafite kumasoko ya semiconductor mumyaka mirongo.
2. Amashanyarazi, Amashanyarazi nubundi buryo
Ibikoresho bya karubone nabyo bikoreshwa cyane muri moteri yamashanyarazi, generator, hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gusya karubone. Muri iki gihe, "brush" ni igikoresho gikoresha imiyoboro hagati yinsinga zihagaze hamwe no guhuza ibice byimuka, kandi mubisanzwe bishyirwa mumuzingi uzunguruka.
3. Kwimura Ion
Graphite ubu irakoreshwa hamwe ninshuro nyinshi mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki. Irimo ikoreshwa muguterwa ion, thermocouples, amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, transistors, na bateri.
Gutera Ion ni inzira yubuhanga aho ion yibintu runaka byihuta mumashanyarazi kandi bigira ingaruka mubindi bikoresho, nkuburyo bwo gutera akabariro. Nibimwe mubikorwa byibanze bikoreshwa mugukora microcipi kuri mudasobwa zacu zigezweho, kandi atome ya grafite mubisanzwe ni bumwe mubwoko bwa atome zinjizwa muri izo mikorobe zishingiye kuri silicon.
Usibye uruhare rwihariye rwa grafite mugukora microchips, udushya dushingiye kuri grafite ubu turimo gukoreshwa kugirango dusimbuze ubushobozi bwa gakondo na transistors. Abashakashatsi bamwe bavuga ko graphene ishobora kuba inzira ya silicon yose. Ninshuro 100 kurenza tristoriste ntoya ya silicon, ikora amashanyarazi neza, kandi ifite ibintu bidasanzwe bishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane muri comptabilite. Graphene nayo yakoreshejwe mubushobozi bugezweho. Mubyukuri, graphene supercapacitor zivugwa ko zikubye inshuro 20x kurenza ubushobozi bwa gakondo (kurekura 20 W / cm3), kandi zishobora gukomera inshuro 3x kurusha bateri zifite ingufu nyinshi, lithium-ion.
4. Batteri
Ku bijyanye na bateri (selile yumye na lithium-Ion), ibikoresho bya karubone na grafite byagize uruhare runini hano. Kubijyanye na gakondo yumye-selile (bateri dukunze gukoresha mumaradiyo yacu, amatara, amatara, n'amasaha), electrode yicyuma cyangwa inkoni ya grafite (cathode) ikikijwe na paste ya electrolyte yuzuye, kandi byombi bikubiye imbere silinderi y'icyuma.
Bateri ya kijyambere ya lithium-ion ikoresha grafite nayo - nka anode. Batteri ya kera ya lithium-ion yakoresheje ibikoresho bya grafite gakondo, icyakora ubu graphene igenda iboneka byoroshye, anode ya graphene ubu irakoreshwa aho - ahanini kubwimpamvu ebyiri; 1.
Batteri ya lithium-ion yongeye kwishyurwa iragenda ikundwa cyane muriyi minsi. Ubu zikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byacu murugo, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, terefone zigendanwa, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibinyabiziga bya gisirikare, ndetse no mubisabwa mu kirere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-15-2021