Kumenyekanisha no gukoresha ibishushanyo mbonera

Igishushanyo mbonera ni polycristaline isa na kristu. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa grafite ya artite nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora.
Mu buryo bwagutse, ibikoresho byose bya grafite byabonetse nyuma ya karubone yibintu kama no gushushanya mubushyuhe bwo hejuru birashobora kwerekanwa hamwe nka grafitike artificiel, nka fibre ya karubone (grafite), karubone ya pirolitike (grafite), grafite ifuro, nibindi.

Mubisobanuro bigufi, igishushanyo mbonera gisanzwe cyerekana ibikoresho byinshi bikomeye, nka electrode ya grafite, isostatike ya grafite, ikozwe mugukata, kuvanga, kubumba, karubone (bizwi nko guteka mu nganda) no gushushanya, hamwe nibirimo bike byanduye byamakara. .
Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwa grafite ya artite, harimo ifu, fibre na blok, mugihe imyumvire mike ya grafite ya artite isanzwe ihagarikwa, igomba gutunganywa muburyo runaka iyo ikoreshejwe. Irashobora gufatwa nkubwoko bwibintu byinshi, harimo icyiciro cya grafite cyahinduwe nuduce twa karubone nka peteroli ya kokiya cyangwa kokiya ya asifalt, icyiciro cya grafite cyahinduwe na bingo ya makara yatwikiriye ibice, kwirundanya kwinshi cyangwa imyenge ikozwe namakara. icyuma gihuza nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe, nibindi. Muri rusange, uko ubushyuhe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe buri hejuru, niko urwego rwo gushushanya. Umusaruro winganda za grafite artificiel, urwego rwo gushushanya mubusanzwe ruri munsi ya 90%.

Ugereranije na grafite karemano, grafite artificiel ifite imbaraga zo guhererekanya ubushyuhe no gutwara amashanyarazi, amavuta hamwe na plastike, ariko grafite artificiel nayo ifite uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya kwambara, kurwanya ruswa no kwinjirira hasi kuruta grafite.

Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora grafite yubukorikori harimo cyane cyane peteroli ya kokiya, kokiya inshinge, kokiya ya asfalt, ikara yamakara, microsperes ya karubone, nibindi. guhanahana n'ibindi.

Gukoresha ibicuruzwa bya grafite bigaragarira cyane cyane mubice bikurikira:

1. Ikoreshwa cyane mubyuma byamashanyarazi, silikoni yinganda, fosifore yumuhondo nibindi bikoresho mukurekura ingufu zamashanyarazi muburyo bwa arc kugirango zishyuhe kandi zishonge.

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3. Gutwara, impeta ifunga: gutanga ibikoresho byitangazamakuru byangirika, bikoreshwa cyane mubishushanyo mbonera bikozwe mu mpeta za piston, impeta zifunga impeta, gukora udashyizeho amavuta yo gusiga.

4. Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imiti kugirango ihindure ubushyuhe, ikigega cya reaction, imashini, iyungurura nibindi bikoresho.

5. Grafite idasanzwe: hamwe na kokiya ya peteroli yujuje ubuziranenge nkibikoresho fatizo, ikara ryamakara cyangwa resinike ya sintetike nka binder, binyuze mugutegura ibikoresho bibisi, guteka, gukata, gukanda, kumenagura, kuvanga gukata, kubumba, gutwika byinshi, kwinjirira byinshi, kweza no gushushanya, gutunganya no gukora, muri rusange harimo isite ya grafitike, grafite ya kirimbuzi, grafite isukuye cyane, ikoreshwa mu kirere, mu bikoresho bya elegitoroniki, mu nganda za kirimbuzi.