Igishushanyo mbonera ni polycristaline isa na kristu. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa grafite ya artite nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora.
Mu buryo bwagutse, ibikoresho byose bya grafite byabonetse nyuma ya karubone yibintu kama no gushushanya mubushyuhe bwo hejuru birashobora kwerekanwa hamwe nka grafitike artificiel, nka fibre ya karubone (grafite), karubone ya pirolitike (grafite), grafite ifuro, nibindi.
Mubisobanuro bigufi, grafite yubukorikori isanzwe yerekeza kubintu byinshi bikomeye, nka electrode ya grafite, isostatike grafite, bikozwe mugukata, kuvanga, kubumba, karuboni (bizwi nko gutwika mu nganda) no gushushanya, hamwe nibidafite umwanda muke wibikoresho byamakara (kokiya ya peteroli, kokiya asifalt, nibindi) nkibiteranya, amakara yamakara nka binder.
Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwa grafite ya artite, harimo ifu, fibre na blok, mugihe imyumvire mike ya grafite ya artite isanzwe ihagarikwa, igomba gutunganywa muburyo runaka iyo ikoreshejwe. Irashobora gufatwa nkubwoko bwibikoresho byinshi, harimo icyiciro cya grafite ihindurwa nuduce twa karubone nka peteroli ya kokiya cyangwa kokiya ya asifalt, icyiciro cya grafite cyahinduwe nigitereko cyamakara yometse ku bice, kwirundanya kwinshi cyangwa imyenge ikozwe nigitereko cyamakara nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe, nibindi. Muri rusange, uko ubushyuhe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe buri hejuru, niko urwego rwo hejuru rwerekana ubushyuhe. Umusaruro winganda za grafite artificiel, urwego rwo gushushanya mubusanzwe ruri munsi ya 90%.
Ugereranije na grafite karemano, grafite artificiel ifite imbaraga zo guhererekanya ubushyuhe no gutwara amashanyarazi, amavuta hamwe na plastike, ariko grafite artificiel nayo ifite uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya kwambara, kurwanya ruswa no kwinjirira hasi kuruta grafite.
Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora grafite yubukorikori ahanini birimo kokiya ya peteroli, kokiya ya inshinge, kokiya ya asifalt, ikara yamakara, microsperes ya karubone, nibindi.
Gukoresha ibicuruzwa bya grafite bigaragarira cyane mubice bikurikira:
1. Ikoreshwa cyane mubyuma byamashanyarazi, silikoni yinganda, fosifore yumuhondo nibindi bikoresho mukurekura ingufu zamashanyarazi muburyo bwa arc kugirango zishyuhe kandi zishonge.
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3. Gutwara, impeta ifunga: gutanga ibikoresho byitangazamakuru byangirika, bikoreshwa cyane mubishushanyo mbonera bikozwe mu mpeta za piston, impeta zifunga impeta, gukora udashyizeho amavuta yo gusiga.
4. Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imiti kugirango ihindure ubushyuhe, ikigega cya reaction, imashini, iyungurura nibindi bikoresho.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-23-2022