Carburizing agent, ikoreshwa mubyuma no guta inganda, mugukora karburizasi, desulfurizasi nibindi bikoresho bifasha. Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zo gushonga ibyuma nicyuma ni ugusimbuza karubone yatwitse mugihe cyo gushonga ibyuma nicyuma no kongeramo ibintu birimo karubone.
Muburyo bwo gushonga ibicuruzwa byuma nicyuma, akenshi kubera igihe cyo gushonga, gufata umwanya, gushyuha cyane nibindi bintu, gutakaza gushonga kwibintu bya karubone mubyuma byamazi byiyongera, bigatuma igabanuka rya karubone yibyuma byamazi, bikavamo karubone irimo ibyuma byamazi ntishobora kugera kubiteganijwe guteganijwe gutunganywa. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kongeramo ibicuruzwa bya carburizing kugirango uhindure karubone yibyuma, ninyongera yingirakamaro yingirakamaro kugirango ikore ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge.
Carburizing agent ukurikije umusaruro wibikoresho fatizo irashobora kugabanywamo: ibiti bya karuboni, amakara yamakara, karubone ya kokiya, grafite.
1. Carbone
2. Ubwoko bw'amakara
* Kubara muri rusange carburizer: Nibicuruzwa by ivu rike hamwe na sulfure nkeya yoza anthracite mu itanura ryo kubara nyuma yo kubara ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ya 1250 mainly, cyane cyane ikorerwa muri Ningxia, Mongoliya Imbere. Muri rusange ibirimo karubone ni 90-93%. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane munganda zikora ibyuma, naho inganda zimwe zikora zikoreshwa mubyuma. Bitewe nuburyo bwuzuye bwa molekile ya karubone, inzira yo kwinjiza ubushyuhe iratinda kandi igihe ni kirekire.
* Asfalt coking carburizer: ibikomoka kuri hydrogène yamakara kugirango ikore amavuta. Ni karubone ndende, sulfure nkeya na azote ya azote ikurwa muri tar. Ibirimo bya karubone biri hagati ya 96-99.5%, ibirimo guhindagurika ni bike, imiterere ni nyinshi, imbaraga za mashini hamwe no kwambara birwanya ibice biri hejuru cyane, gushushanya byoroshye.
* Metallurgical coke carburizing agent: gutwika amakara, mubisanzwe ni cupola hamwe na kokiya nini, usibye gushonga, ariko kandi ikoreshwa mubyuma bya carburizing.
3. Kokiya (peteroli ya kokiya) karubone
* Kubara karubasi ya kokiya: Nibicuruzwa bikozwe muri kokoro ya peteroli ya peteroli nkeya nkibikoresho fatizo, bitunganyirizwa mu itanura ryo kubara kuri dogere 1300-1500 nyuma yo gukuraho ubushuhe, ibinyabuzima n’umwanda. Ibikoresho bya karubone bihamye muri rusange bihagaze neza kuri 98.5%, kandi ibirimo sulfure ahanini biri munsi ya 0.5% cyangwa 1%. Ubucucike bwabwo burahuzagurika, ntabwo byoroshye kubora, kandi igihe cyo gukoresha ni gito. Umusaruro wibanze cyane muri Shandong, Liaoning, Tianjin. Kubera igiciro cyayo nibitangwa mubyiciro byinshi bya carburizing agent bifite akarusho, isoko irakoreshwa cyane.
* Graphitic petrole coke carburizing agent: kokiya ya peteroli mu itanura ryashushanyije nyuma ya dogere 3000 yubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwibicuruzwa bishushanyije, hamwe no kwinjizwa vuba, karubone nyinshi nibyiza bya sulferi. Ibirimo karubone ni 98-99%, ibipimo bya sulferi biri munsi ya 0,05% cyangwa 0,03%, uduce twibanda cyane muri Mongoliya Imbere, Jiangsu, Sichuan nibindi. Ubundi buryo buturuka kuri grafite ya electrode ikata imyanda, kubera ko electrode ya grafite ubwayo nyuma yo gutunganya ibishushanyo mbonera, imyanda irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bya carburizing kumashanyarazi.
* Semi-grafitike ya peteroli ya coke carburizer: ubushyuhe bwa grafitike ntabwo buri hejuru nka carburizer ya grafitike, ibirimo karubone muri rusange birenze 99.5, ibirimo sulfure biruta karburizeri, munsi ya 0.3%.
4. Ubwoko bwa Graphite
* Isi imeze nka grafite carburizing agent: ni ugukoresha grafite isa nubutaka mu gushonga ibyuma nicyuma cyangwa gushiramo carburizing, agace kayo gakorera cyane muri Hunan, ni ugukoresha mu buryo butaziguye ifu ya grafite isa nisi, ubusanzwe ibirimo karubone muri 75-80 %, irashobora kwezwa kugirango yongere ibicuruzwa birimo karubone.
* Kamere isanzwe ya carburizing agent: cyane cyane kuri flake grafite, ibirimo karubone muri 65-99%, ituze rike, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi.
* Gukora carburizing agent: ifu ya grafite, ifu ya kokiya, peteroli ya kokiya nibindi bikoresho byamaguru, wongeyeho imashini zitandukanye hamwe na mashini irashobora gukanda muburyo, kugirango inkoni ya granular. Ibirimo bya karubone muri rusange biri hagati ya 93 na 97%, naho sulferi ntigihungabana cyane, muri rusange hagati ya 0.09 na 0.7.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-17-2022