Icyambere, isesengura ryibiciro
Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2021, Ubushinwa bwerekana ibiciro bya electrode y’ibiciro birakomeye, ahanini byungukira ku giciro cyo hejuru cy’ibikoresho fatizo, biteza imbere izamuka ry’ibiciro bya electrode ya electrode, umuvuduko w’ibicuruzwa, ubushake bw’ibiciro ku isoko birakomeye, kandi itangwa ry’ibikoresho bito n'ibiciriritse birasobanutse, ibyo bikaba byunguka izamuka rusange ry’ibiciro bya electrode.
Isoko rya grafitike ya electrode mu Bushinwa mu gihembwe cya kabiri nyuma yo kuzamuka kwihuse kuzamuka.Izamuka ryihuse rigaragara cyane cyane muri Mata, uruganda rukora ibyuma rwatangiye amasoko mashya yo gupiganira amasoko, uruganda rukora ibyuma byo mu itanura ry’amashanyarazi rwunguka cyane kandi rutangira cyane, icyifuzo cya electrode nziza. Ku rundi ruhande, Imbere muri Mongoliya ifite ingufu ebyiri, itangwa rya grafitike iragabanuka, kandi amashanyarazi ya grafite aragabanuka. Gicurasi kugeza muri Kamena, ibiciro bya peteroli ya kokiya yibiciro ni bibi, hamwe no guhagarika hasi, ibiciro bya electrode ya electrode izamuka idakomeye.
Mu gihembwe cya gatatu, igiciro cya electrode ya grafite mu Bushinwa cyari gihamye kandi gifite intege nke, kandi icyifuzo gisanzwe kitari mu gihembwe, hamwe n’uruhande rutanga isoko, kudahuza hagati y’ibitangwa n’ibisabwa byatumye igabanuka ry’ibiciro bya electrode ya grafite. Ku bijyanye n’ibikoresho fatizo, igiciro gikomeje kuzamuka, kandi bitewe n’igitutu cy’ibiciro, igiciro cya electrode ya grafite irakomeye. Nyamara, ibigo bimwe na bimwe bya elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike isiba ububiko bwihuse kandi igarura amafaranga, bigatuma igabanuka ryibiciro bya electrode ya grafite mu ntangiriro nigihembwe cya gatatu kirangiye.
Mu gihembwe cya kane, kubera ingaruka z’umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu no kugabanya amashanyarazi, ibiciro by’ibikoresho byo mu gihugu byakomeje kwiyongera, hamwe na kokiya y’amavuta ya sulfure nkeya, asifalt yazamutse cyane, igiciro cy’amashanyarazi menshi, Imbere muri Mongoliya n’ahandi hantu hatangwa grafite irakomeye kandi igiciro cyinshi, igiciro cyazamuye igiciro cya electrode ya grafite mu Bushinwa.Nyamara, nubwo umusaruro w’amashanyarazi wagabanutse ku bicuruzwa bito bito, ariko bikagira ingaruka ku mashanyarazi, y'ibisabwa ku isoko, kubitanga no kubisabwa birakomeye, ihinduka ryibiciro riri hejuru.Nta bisabwa, gusa gutwara ibiciro, no kuzamuka kwibiciro kubura inkunga ihamye, bityo kugabanuka kwigihe gito byabaye ibintu bisanzwe bisanzwe.
Muri rusange, ihungabana rusange ryisoko rya electrode yubushinwa mu 2021 rirakomeye. Ku ruhande rumwe, ibiciro fatizo bizamura izamuka nigabanuka ryikiguzi cya electrode ya grafite, naho kurundi ruhande, itangira ninyungu byinganda zikozwe mu ziko ry’amashanyarazi byatumye habaho izamuka n’igabanuka ry’igiciro cya electrode ya grafite.
II. Isesengura ry'inyungu n'inyungu
Uhereye kuri ultra high power grafite electrode yisesengura ryibiciro, muri Jiangsu ultra power power grafite electrode 500, nkurugero, igihembwe cya kabiri Gicurasi inyungu yageze kuri 5229 yuan / toni, ukwezi kwa gatatu Nzeri hasi-1008 yuan / toni, ukurikije isoko rya 2021, inyungu zirenga amashanyarazi ya electrode mugihe kinini gikomeza iterambere ryiza, ugereranije na 2018-2020, inganda za grafite electrode yubushinwa zinjiye mubyiciro byiza byiterambere.
Dukurikije ibisubizo by’imari ya Fangda Carbon mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2021, umuvuduko w’inyungu wari 71,91% mu gihembwe cya mbere, 205.38% mu gihembwe cya kabiri, na 83,85% mu gihembwe cya gatatu. Igihembwe cya kabiri cya 2021 nacyo gihe cyiterambere ryihuta.
Icya gatatu, gusesengura ibyifuzo
(1) Ibice by'amahanga
Mu 2021, biteganijwe ko Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike ya elegitoronike yoherezwa muri toni 400.000, bikiyongera ku gipimo cya 19.55% ku mwaka, bikarenga urwego rwa 2020. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza mu Gushyingo imibare yohereza mu mahanga, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byageze kuri toni 391.200.Mu 2021, byibasiwe ahanini n’impamvu zihamye z’icyorezo cy’imbere mu gihugu, kandi imirimo yose ikorwa ku buryo bunoze, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.
Mu 2021 Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike ya electrode muri rusange bigenda bikomera, kuva aho isoko ry’ubukungu ry’isi ryatangiriye, ugereranije n’isoko rya 2021 na 2019, ryerekanye itandukaniro rikomeye, ibicuruzwa byo mu bwoko bwa electrode yo mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byibanze cyane cyane hagati ya Werurwe-Nzeri, Werurwe-Nyakanga Nyakanga ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongera, Werurwe-Nzeri ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bifite 66.84% by’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, kandi muri 2021, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byihuta kandi bihwanye na Werurwe, muri rusange,
(2) Icyifuzo cyo murugo
Inzego zibishinzwe zashyizwe ahagaragara: mu 2021, Ubushinwa bwakoresheje ibyuma bya peteroli bingana na toni miliyari 1.040, bukamanuka ku gipimo cya 2% 3 ku mwaka, umwaka ushize, Ubushinwa bukoresha amashanyarazi ya elegitoronike yari toni 607.400, naho mu 2021, biteganijwe ko umusaruro wa elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike w’Ubushinwa uzarenga toni miliyoni 1.2.
Uhereye kubisabwa imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga, electrode ya grafite yo mu Bushinwa iri mu bushobozi burenze urugero.Yanatumye mu buryo butaziguye igiciro cya electrode yimbere mu gihugu biragoye gusubira mu gihe cy’inyungu nyinshi.
Imbere ya grafite ya electrode isoko yimbere muri 2022
Umusaruro: muri Mutarama-Gashyantare, inganda rusange za electrode zikoresha amashanyarazi zikomeza kumera neza mu musaruro, ariko mugihe imicungire y’ibidukikije yo mu kirere itangiza ikirere yegereje, kugeza muri Mutarama, Mongoliya Imbere, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Liaoning n’ahandi bizahura n’ibikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro, isoko riratangira kandi rikomeza hasi, nyuma y’ukwezi kwa Werurwe isoko rya electrode isoko rusange.
Ibarura, mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2021, icyifuzo cy’isoko ntikiri kure y’uko byari byitezwe, icyifuzo cy’isoko ry’amahanga cyongeye gutangira, ububiko bw’ibarura ry’umwaka mushya ntabwo bukomeye, ibarura ry’ibikoresho bya electrode ya electrode, nubwo ibigo bimwe na bimwe byihutisha igurishwa ry’igabanuka ry’imari, ariko kwihutisha ibicuruzwa byinjira mu isoko ntabwo bigaragara, kandi byihutisha isoko ry’ihiganwa ribi, ibarura ntabwo riri hejuru, ariko ibitekerezo biragaragara.
Ku bijyanye n’ibisabwa, Ubushinwa bukoresha isoko rya grafite electrode isabwa cyane cyane ku isoko ry’ibyuma, ku isoko ryoherezwa mu mahanga no ku isoko ry’ibyuma na silikoni.Isoko ry’icyuma n’icyuma: kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Gashyantare, isoko ry’ibyuma ryatangiye kuba rito, uruganda rukora ibyuma rukora ibyuma bya elegitoronike rufite ibarura ryambere, uruganda rukora itanura ry’amashanyarazi rwatangiye cyangwa rusanzwe, mu gihe gito, ubushake rusange bwo kugura amasoko y’icyuma ntigishobora gukomera, mu gihe gito cy’amasoko ya elegitoronike ntagikomeye, mu gihe gito cy’amashanyarazi. isoko: Inganda za silicon ntizarenze igihe cyumye. Mugihe gito, inganda za silicon yicyuma zikomeje gutangira intege nke mbere yumwaka, kandi icyifuzo cya electrode ya grafite ikomeje kuba inzira ihamye kandi idakomeye mbere yumwaka.
Ku bijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ibicuruzwa bitwara ibicuruzwa bikomeje kuba byinshi, kandi biteganijwe ko imyumvire y’umwuga iteganijwe ko ibiciro by’imizigo bizakomeza kugenda hejuru mu gihe runaka, bikaba bishobora koroshya mu 2022. Byongeye kandi, ubwikorezi bw’icyambu ku isi bwabaye nko mu 2021. Mu Burayi no muri Aziya y’iburasirazuba, urugero nko gutinda ku minsi 18, 20% ugereranyije na mbere, bikavamo amafaranga menshi yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-10-2022