Isano iri hagati yumubiri nu miti ya grafite electrode no gukoresha itanura ryamashanyarazi

Amashanyarazi arc itanura ryibyuma bishingiyeelectrodekubyara arcs, kugirango ingufu z'amashanyarazi zishobore guhinduka ingufu zubushyuhe muri arc, gushonga umutwaro witanura no gukuraho umwanda nka sulfure na fosifore, wongeyeho ibintu nkenerwa (nka karubone, nikel, manganese, nibindi) kugirango ushongeshe ibyuma cyangwa ibivange hamwe nibintu bitandukanye. Gushyushya ingufu z'amashanyarazi birashobora kugenzura neza ubushyuhe bw'itanura kandi bigatanga imyuka ya gaze yubushyuhe buke. Ubushyuhe bwo gukora itanura rya arc ibyuma birarenze ibyo guhindura.

Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rifite amateka yimyaka 100 mugukora ibyuma bya EAF, nubwo ubundi buryo burigihe buhura ningorane zo gukora ibyuma no guhatana, cyane cyane ingaruka zikomeye zo gukora ibyuma bya ogisijeni, ariko igipimo cyumusaruro wibyuma byo gukora ibyuma bya EAF mubyuma byisi biracyiyongera umwaka ku mwaka. Mu ntangiriro ya za 90, ibyuma byakozwe na EAF ku isi byagize 1/3 cy'umusaruro wose w'ibyuma. Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, EAF yari ikoranabuhanga rikuru ryo gukora ibyuma mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, kandi igipimo cy’ibyuma byakozwe na EAF gushonga cyari hejuru ya 70% ugereranije n’Ubutaliyani.

Mu myaka ya za 1980, yamamaye cyane mu musaruro w’ibyuma bya EAF mu guhora baterana, kandi buhoro buhoro hashyirwaho “uburyo bwo kuzigama ingufu z’ibisigazwa bishyushya itanura ry’amashanyarazi arc ryashongesheje gutunganya bikomeza kuzunguruka, itanura rya arc rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikoresho byihuta nkibikoresho ibikoresho byo gukora ibyuma. Kugirango tuneshe byimazeyo ingufu zidasanzwe za arc arc itanura arc ihungabana, amashanyarazi yibyiciro bitatu hamwe nuburinganire bwubu hamwe ningaruka zikomeye kuri gride yamashanyarazi nubushakashatsi bwitanura rya DC arc, hanyuma bigashyirwa mubikorwa byinganda mukinyejana cya mberehagati ya za 90, itanura rya DC arc ukoresheje umuzi 1 gusa wa grafite ya electrode ya grafite yakoreshejwe henshi kwisi muri 90 (2 hamwe na electrode ya electrode ya DC arc itanura).

Mugabanye cyane ikoreshwa rya electrode ya grafite ninyungu nini yumuriro wa DC arc, mbere yimpera za 1970, itanura rya AC arc kuri toni yo gukoresha ibyuma bya electrode ya grafite muri 5 ~ 8kg, ibiciro bya electrode ya grafite bingana na 10% yikiguzi cyose y'ibyuma kugeza kuri 15%, nubwo byafashwe ingamba nyinshi, kuburyo ikoreshwa rya grafitike ya electrode yagabanutse kugera kuri 4 6kg, cyangwa ibiciro byumusaruro bingana na 7% 10%, ikoreshwa ryingufu nyinshi nuburyo bukomeye bwo gukora ibyuma, electrode yak iragabanuka kugeza kuri 2 ~ 3k.g / T ibyuma, itanura rya DC arc ikoresha electrode 1 gusa ya grafite, ikoreshwa rya electrode ya grafite irashobora kugabanuka kugera kuri 1.5 kg / T munsi.

Byombi nibitekerezo byerekana ko ikoreshwa rimwe rya grafite electrode ishobora kugabanukaho 40% kugeza kuri 60% ugereranije nitanura rya AC arc.