Ihame ryakazi rya ultra-high power grafite electrode.

Ihame ryakazi rya ultra-high power (UHP) grafite electrode ishingiye cyane cyane kubintu byo gusohora arc. Gukoresha amashanyarazi adasanzwe, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, hamwe nubukanishi, iyi electrode ituma ihinduka ryingufu zingufu zamashanyarazi mumbaraga zumuriro mubidukikije bishushe cyane, bityo bigatera inzira ya metallurgji. Hano hepfo ni isesengura rirambuye ryuburyo bwibanze bukora:

1. Gusohora Arc hamwe namashanyarazi-kuri-Ubushyuhe bwo Guhindura

1.1 Uburyo bwo gushiraho Arc
Iyo UHP grafite electrode yinjijwe mubikoresho byo gushonga (urugero, itanura ryamashanyarazi arc), bakora nkibitangazamakuru byayobora. Umuvuduko mwinshi w'amashanyarazi ubyara arc amashanyarazi hagati ya electrode yumuriro nu ziko (urugero, ibyuma bishaje, ubutare bwicyuma). Iyi arc igizwe numuyoboro wa plasma uyobora wakozwe na ionisiyasi ya gaze, ubushyuhe burenga 3000 ° C-burenze kure ubushyuhe busanzwe bwo gutwikwa.

1.2 Kohereza ingufu neza
Ubushyuhe bukabije butangwa na arc bushonga mu buryo butaziguye umuriro w'itanura. Imashanyarazi ya electrode isumba iyindi (hamwe no kurwanya munsi ya 6-8 μΩ · m) itanga imbaraga nkeya mugihe cyo kohereza, bikoresha neza ingufu. Mu itanura ry'amashanyarazi arc (EAF) gukora ibyuma, urugero, electrode ya UHP irashobora kugabanya ukwezi gushonga hejuru ya 30%, bikazamura cyane umusaruro.

2. Ibyiza Byibikoresho hamwe nubwishingizi bwimikorere

2.1 Imiterere-yubushyuhe bwo hejuru
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa electrode buturuka ku miterere yabyo ya kirisiti: atome ya karubone igizwe n'umuyoboro uhuza abantu binyuze muri sp² hybridisation, hamwe no guhuza imbaraga binyuze mu mbaraga za van der Waals. Iyi miterere igumana imbaraga za mashini kuri 3000 ° C kandi itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe zo guhangana nubushyuhe bwumuriro (hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe bugera kuri 500 ° C / min), irusha electrode ibyuma.

2.2 Kurwanya Kwagura Ubushyuhe na Creep
UHP electrode yerekana coefficient nkeya yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe (1.2 × 10⁻⁶ / ° C), bigabanya impinduka zingana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi bikarinda kumeneka bitewe nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Kurwanya kwinyanja kwabo (ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ihindagurika rya plastike munsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru) bitezimbere hifashishijwe urushinge rwa kokiya rwibanze rwo gutoranya ibikoresho hamwe nuburyo bwo gushushanya bugezweho, bituma habaho umutekano muke mugihe kirekire.

2.3 Kurwanya Oxidation no Kurwanya Ruswa
Mugushyiramo antioxydants (urugero, boride, siliside) no gukoresha ibifuniko byo hejuru, ubushyuhe bwa electrode ya okiside ya electrode yazamutse hejuru ya 800 ° C. Kutagira imiti irwanya icyuma gishongeshejwe mugihe cyo gushonga bigabanya ikoreshwa rya electrode ikabije, bigatuma ubuzima bwa serivisi bukubye inshuro 2-33 za electrode isanzwe.

3. Gutunganya guhuza no gukoresha sisitemu

3.1 Ubucucike bwa none nubushobozi bwimbaraga
UHP electrode ishyigikira ubucucike burenze 50 A / cm². Iyo uhujwe nubushobozi buhanitse (urugero, 100 MVA), bashoboza kwinjiza itanura rimwe rirenga MW 100. Igishushanyo cyihutisha igipimo cyinjiza cyumuriro mugihe cyo gushonga - urugero, kugabanya gukoresha ingufu kuri toni ya silicon mumusaruro wa ferrosilicon kugeza munsi ya 8000 kWh.

3.2 Igisubizo kidasanzwe no kugenzura inzira
Sisitemu yo gushonga igezweho ikoresha Smart Electrode Regulator (SERs) kugirango ikomeze ikurikirane umwanya wa electrode, ihindagurika ryubu, hamwe nuburebure bwa arc, ikomeza igipimo cyo gukoresha electrode muri 1.5-22.0 kg / t ibyuma. Hamwe nogukurikirana itanura ryikirere (urugero, ibipimo bya CO / CO₂), ibi bizamura imikorere ya electrode-yishyuza neza.

3.3 Gukoresha sisitemu no kongera ingufu mu kongera ingufu
Kohereza electrode ya UHP bisaba gushyigikira ibikorwa remezo, harimo na sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi menshi (urugero, 110 kV ihuza itaziguye), insinga zikonjesha amazi, hamwe nogukusanya ivumbi neza. Tekinoroji yo kugarura ubushyuhe bwimyanda (urugero, itanura rya arc itanura rya gaze cogeneration) izamura ingufu rusange muri 60%, bigatuma ikoreshwa ryingufu zidasanzwe.

Ubu busobanuro bugumana ubuhanga bwa tekiniki mugihe hubahirizwa amasezerano y’amasomo / inganda, byerekana neza abumva neza.