Ni izihe ngamba z'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga mu gihe kizaza kuri koke ya peteroli ifite graphite?

Ubushakashatsi mu ikoranabuhanga n'ibyerekezo by'iterambere rya koke ya peteroli ifite graphize byibanda cyane cyane ku ngingo zikurikira:

Ikoranabuhanga risukuye cyane n'iryanduye gake

Mu kunoza inzira zo guteka zitinze no gukoresha uburyo bwo gukuramo isukari nyinshi, isukari, ivu, n'ibindi bintu bihumanya biri muri peteroli bishobora kugabanuka. Urugero, Sinopec Qingdao Refinery yagabanije ingano ya sulfur ikagera munsi ya 0.3%, ihaza ibyifuzo bya peteroli ya sulfur nke mu rwego rushya rw'ingufu. Mu gihe kizaza, ni ngombwa gukomeza guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukuramo isukari kugira ngo ingano y'ivu ikagera kuri 8-10% ikagera munsi ya 1%, bityo bikazamura ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho no kudahungabana mu mikorere.

Iterambere ryihariye ry'ibicuruzwa by'igiciro cyinshi

Ibikoresho byihariye bya peteroli bya coke bigomba gukorwa ku bintu byo mu rwego rwo hejuru nka litiyumu bateri anode n'ibikoresho bigabanya ingano ya silikoni. Urugero, coke yihariye ya bateri igomba kuba yujuje ibipimo nka sulfur iri <0.5% n'ivu riri <0.3% kugira ngo yongere ubucucike bw'ingufu za bateri n'igihe cyo kuzimara. Byongeye kandi, coke ya peteroli iri mu rwego rwa photovoltaic isaba imiterere myiza y'imyenge kugira ngo yongere imikorere myiza no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora ingano ya silikoni.

Gutunganya byimbitse no gukoresha neza ibikoresho by'agaciro gakomeye

Ibikoresho bitunganywa mu buryo bwimbitse nka needle coke na karubone fibres bigomba guterwa imbere kugira ngo byongere agaciro k’inganda. Nk’ibikoresho by’ingenzi bya electrode za grafiti zifite ingufu nyinshi, needle coke yagaragaye ko ikwirakwira ry’ibikenewe mu gukora ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi n’uruhererekane rushya rw’ingufu. Urugero, Jinzhou Petrochemical yageze ku musaruro w’igihe kirekire wa needle coke, ihura n’ibikenewe ku isoko ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru.

Ikoranabuhanga mu gutunganya umusaruro utangiza ibidukikije kandi urinda ibidukikije

Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’amahame akomeye yo kubungabunga ibidukikije, hakwiye gushyirwaho uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bigabanya umwanda no gukoresha ingufu nke. Urugero, electrolysis y’umunyu ushongeshejwe ishobora kugera ku bushyuhe buri munsi ya 1000°C, ikagabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu ho 40% ugereranije n’uburyo gakondo bwo gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko mwinshi (hejuru ya 2000°C) kandi ikoreshwa ku bikoresho fatizo bitandukanye bya karubone. Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukoresha amazi mu gikoni ribuza kwivanga binyuze mu gushyiramo uduce tudafite ingufu, rigabanya igihe cyo gukoresha ingufu kugeza ku masaha 2-8 kandi rigakomeza kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu.

Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kugenzura imiterere y'imyenge

Binyuze mu gukoresha gradient activation na in-situ doping tekiniki, imiterere y'imyobo ya carbones porous porous based petroleum coke irashobora kugenzurwa kugira ngo yongere imikorere y'ibikoresho. Urugero, gukoresha uburyo bwa H₂O/CO₂ synergistic activation bukora imiterere ya micropore-mesopore composite (igereranya rya mesopore rya 20%-60%) kugira ngo ihuze n'ibihe bitandukanye byo gukoreshwa. Mu gihe kimwe, gushyiramo NH₃ cyangwa H₃PO₄ bituma azote/fosforasi atome doping (urugero rwa doping rwa 1-5 kuri%), byongera imikorere y'ikirere n'imikorere y'ubuso.

Kwagura ikoreshwa mu rwego rushya rw'ingufu

Ibikoresho bishya by’ingufu nka karubone ikoresha peteroli na karubone ya supercapacitor bigomba gutezwa imbere. Urugero, karubone ifite imyenge ikoresha peteroli, nk'"umufatanyabikorwa w'izahabu" wa anode za silikoni, yongera ubushobozi bwo kugumana uruziga ku kigero cya 300% binyuze mu kugenzura imiterere y'imyenge (imiterere y'imyenge ifunze ya 50-500 nm) kugira ngo ikomeze kwaguka kwa silikoni. Biteganijwe ko ingano y'isoko ku isi izarenga miliyari 120 z'amayuani mu 2030, hamwe n'igipimo cy'izamuka ry'imyenge ku mwaka cya 25%.

Ikoranabuhanga mu gukora ibikoresho by'ubwenge kandi byikora

Gukoresha interineti y'ibintu (IoT) n'ikoranabuhanga rya blockchain bishobora kongera umusaruro n'ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa. Urugero, kubika ibintu mu buryo bw'ubwenge bituma habaho igenzura ry'ububiko mu gihe nyacyo, bikongera umuvuduko w'ibisubizo ku kigero cya 50%. Uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibintu mu buryo bwa Blockchain butanga icyemezo cya "carbon footprint" ku bicuruzwa, bihura n'ibisabwa mu ishoramari rya EU ESG.