Kuki amashanyarazi ya grafite ashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru?
Graphite electrode igira uruhare runini mu nganda zigezweho, cyane cyane mu bikorwa mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru, nko gukora ibyuma byo mu itanura ry’amashanyarazi, gukora amashanyarazi ya aluminium, no gutunganya amashanyarazi. Impamvu ituma electrode ya grafite ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bushingiye ahanini kumiterere yihariye yumubiri na chimique. Iyi ngingo izasesengura mu buryo burambuye imikorere myiza ya grafite ya electrode mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru buturutse ku miterere, imiterere yubushyuhe, imiterere yimiti, nimbaraga za grafite.
1. Ibiranga imiterere ya grafite
Igishushanyo ni ibikoresho byubatswe bigizwe na atome ya karubone. Muburyo bwa kirisiti ya grafite, atome ya karubone itondekanye muburyo butandatu. Atome ya karubone muri buri cyiciro ihujwe nuburinganire bukomeye bwa covalent, mugihe ibice bikorana hagati yingufu za van der Waals. Iyi miterere igizwe na grafite ifite imiterere yihariye yumubiri na chimique.
Imiyoboro ikomeye ya covalent murwego: Ihuza rya covalent hagati ya atome ya karubone murwego rurakomeye cyane, bituma grafite igumana umutekano muke ndetse no mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Intege nke za van der Waals hagati yinzego: Imikoranire hagati yinzego irasa nkintege nke, ituma grafite ikunda kunyerera kunyerera iyo ikorewe imbaraga ziva hanze. Ibiranga biha grafite amavuta meza kandi meza.
2. Ibikoresho byubushyuhe
Imikorere myiza ya grafite electrode mubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane biterwa ahanini nubushyuhe bwihariye.
Ahantu ho gushonga cyane: Graphite ifite aho ishonga cyane, hafi 3,652 ° C, ikaba isumba cyane iy'ibyuma byinshi hamwe na aliyumu. Ibi bifasha grafite gukomeza gukomera mubushyuhe bwo hejuru nta gushonga cyangwa guhinduka.
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwumuriro: Graphite ifite ubushyuhe buringaniye bwumuriro, bushobora gutwara vuba no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, bikarinda ubushyuhe bwaho. Ibi biranga grafite electrode ya grafite kugirango igabanye ubushyuhe ahantu h’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kugabanya imihangayiko no kongera ubuzima bwa serivisi.
Coefficient nkeya yo kwagura ubushyuhe: Graphite ifite coefficient nkeya ugereranije no kwagura ubushyuhe, bivuze ko ingano yayo ihinduka gake mubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibi biranga ifasha electrode ya grafite kugirango igumane ituze mubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kugabanya gucika intege no guhindura ibintu biterwa no kwaguka kwinshi.
3. Imiti ihamye
Imiti ihamye ya electrode ya grafite mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru nayo ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bituma bahangana n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Kurwanya Oxidation: Ku bushyuhe bwinshi, igipimo cya grafite na ogisijeni kiratinda cyane, cyane cyane muri gaze ya inert cyangwa kugabanya ikirere, aho okiside ya grafite iba iri hasi. Uku kurwanya okiside ituma electrode ya grafite ikoreshwa mugihe kirekire mubushyuhe bwo hejuru butarimo okiside kandi ishaje.
Kurwanya ruswa: Graphite ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa nyinshi kuri acide, alkalis hamwe nu munyu, ibyo bigatuma electrode ya grafite ikomeza guhagarara neza mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bwangiza. Kurugero, mugihe cya electrolytike ya aluminium, electrode ya grafite irashobora kwihanganira kwangirika kwa aluminium yashongeshejwe hamwe nu munyu wa fluor.
4. Imbaraga za mashini
Nubwo interlaminar imikoranire ya grafite isa naho idakomeye, imiyoboro ikomeye ya covalent murwego rwimbere itanga grafite nimbaraga zikomeye.
Imbaraga zo gukomeretsa cyane: Graphite electrode irashobora kugumana imbaraga zingana cyane zo guhonyora ndetse no mubushyuhe bwinshi, irashobora guhangana numuvuduko mwinshi hamwe ningaruka ziremereye mumatara ya arc.
Ubwiza buhebuje bwo guhangana nubushyuhe: Coefficient nkeya yo kwaguka kwubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi bwa grafite ya grafite irayiha imbaraga zo guhangana nubushyuhe bwumuriro, bikabasha gukomeza ubusugire bwimiterere mugihe cyo gushyushya no gukonjesha byihuse no kugabanya gucika no kwangirika biterwa nubushyuhe bwumuriro.
5. Amashanyarazi
Imikorere ya mashanyarazi ya grafite electrode mubushyuhe bwo hejuru nayo ni impamvu yingenzi yo kuyikoresha mugari.
Umuyoboro mwinshi w'amashanyarazi: Graphite ifite amashanyarazi meza cyane, ashobora kuyobora neza no kugabanya gutakaza ingufu. Ibi biranga amashanyarazi ya grafite yohereza ingufu z'amashanyarazi neza mumatara ya arc amashanyarazi hamwe na electrolysis.
Kurwanya ubukana buke: Kurwanya gake ya grafite bituma igumana imbaraga nke ugereranije nubushyuhe bwinshi, kugabanya kubyara ingufu no gutakaza ingufu, no kunoza imikoreshereze yingufu.
6. Gutunganya imikorere
Imikorere yo gutunganya amashanyarazi ya grafite nayo ni ikintu cyingenzi mugukoresha mubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Gutunganya byoroshye: Graphite ifite uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya kandi irashobora gutunganyirizwa muri electrode yuburyo butandukanye nubunini binyuze muburyo bwo gutunganya imashini, guhinduranya, gusya hamwe nubundi buhanga kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bya sisitemu zitandukanye.
Isuku ryinshi: elegitoronike ya grafite ya elegitoronike ifite ituze ryiza kandi ikora neza mubushyuhe bwo hejuru, bishobora kugabanya imiterere yimiti nubusembwa bwimiterere biterwa numwanda.
7. Ingero zo gusaba
Graphite electrode ikoreshwa cyane mubice byinshi byubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ibikurikira nuburyo bumwe busanzwe bwo gusaba:
Gukora ibyuma by'amashanyarazi arc: Muburyo bwo gukora ibyuma bya arc amashanyarazi, electrode ya grafite, nkibikoresho bitwara ibintu, irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bugera kuri 3000 ° C, bigahindura ingufu zamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi kugirango bishonge ibyuma bishaje hamwe nicyuma cyingurube.
Aluminiyumu ya electrolytike: Mugihe cya aluminiyumu ya electrolytike, electrode ya grafite ikora nka anode, ishoboye guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru no kwangirika kwumunyu wa aluminiyumu na floride yashonze, ikora neza, kandi igateza imbere amashanyarazi ya aluminium.
Gutunganya amashanyarazi: Mu gutunganya amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi ya grafite, nka electrode y ibikoresho, irashobora gukora neza mubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi bwangirika, bikagera kubikorwa bitunganijwe neza.
Umwanzuro
Mu gusoza, impamvu ituma electrode ya grafite ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane cyane muburyo bwihariye, imiterere yubushyuhe bwiza, imiterere yimiti, imbaraga za mashini, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nibikorwa byo gutunganya. Ibi biranga bituma electrode ya grafite ikomeza guhagarara neza kandi ikora neza mubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi bwangirika, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubice nko gukora amashanyarazi ya arc itanura ibyuma, aluminium electrolytike, no gutunganya amashanyarazi. Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga mu nganda, imikorere nogukoresha urugero rwa electrode ya grafite bizarushaho kwagurwa, bitange ibisubizo byizewe kandi byiza byinganda zubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-21-2025