Komisiyo y’Uburayi itekereza ko kwiyongera kw’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga by’Ubushinwa mu Burayi byangije inganda zibishinzwe mu Burayi. Mu 2020, icyifuzo cy’Uburayi cya karuboni cyaragabanutse bitewe n’igabanuka ry’ubushobozi bwo gukora ibyuma n’icyorezo, ariko umubare w’ibicuruzwa byatumizwaga mu Bushinwa wiyongereyeho 12% ukurikije umwaka, kandi umugabane w’isoko wageze kuri 33.8%, ubwiyongere bwa 11.3%; Isoko ry’ibigo by’ubucuruzi by’Uburayi ryagabanutse kuva kuri 61.1% muri 2017 rigera kuri 55.2% muri 2020.
Iperereza ry’urubanza ryakozwe ryarebaga amahame ngenderwaho menshi nko guhuza ibicuruzwa, aho bituruka n’ikiguzi cya koka ya peteroli, amafaranga yo gutwara abantu, amashanyarazi n’uburyo bwo kubara. Abantu bo mu Bushinwa nka China Chamber of Commerce for mechanical and electrical industry, Fangda group na Liaoning dantan bateye gushidikanya kandi bizeraga ko amahame yashyizweho na Komisiyo y’Uburayi yari yaragoretswe.
Iperereza ry’urubanza rikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bitandukanye nko guhuza ibicuruzwa. Abantu bo mu Bushinwa nka China Chamber of Commerce for mechanical and electrical industry, Fangda group na Liaoning dantan bose babajije ko amahame ngenderwaho yashyizweho na Komisiyo y’Uburayi yagoretswe.
Ariko, ubujurire bwinshi bwanzwe na Komisiyo y’Uburayi bitewe nuko ibigo by’Ubushinwa bitashyizeho ibipimo cyangwa amahame meza cyangwa adasobanutse neza.
Ubushinwa ni igihugu gishora cyane mu mahanga electrodes za grafiti. Everbright Securities yagaragaje ko mu myaka yashize, iperereza mu mahanga ku bijyanye no kurwanya ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi ku bijyanye no kohereza electrodes za grafiti mu Bushinwa ryakomeje, ibyo bikaba biterwa n’igiciro gito n’izamuka ry’ubwiza bwa electrodes za grafiti zo mu gihugu, kandi ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga yiyongera uko umwaka utashye.
Kuva mu 1998, Ubuhinde, Brezili, Megizike na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byagiye bikora iperereza ku ikoreshwa ry’imyanda ijugunywa mu mazi ndetse bishyiraho imisoro ku byuma bya grafiti byo mu Bushinwa.
Raporo ya Everbright Securities igaragaza ko mu Bushinwa hoherezwa cyane electrodes za grafiti harimo Uburusiya, Maleziya, Turukiya, Ubutaliyani n'ibindi.
Kuva mu 2017 kugeza mu 2018, ubushobozi bwo gukora electrode ya grafiti mu mahanga bwagiye bugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Ibigo nka graftech muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Sigri SGL mu Budage byakomeje kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora, ndetse bifunga inganda eshatu z'abanyamahanga, bigabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora toni zigera ku 200000. Icyuho cyo gukwirakwiza no gushakisha ibicuruzwa mu mahanga cyariyongereye, bituma icyifuzo cy'Ubushinwa cyo kohereza electrode ya grafiti mu mahanga cyiyongera.
Everbright Securities iteganya ko ingano y’amashanyarazi yoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa izagera kuri toni 498500 mu 2025, ubwiyongere bwa 17% ugereranyije na 2021.
Dukurikije imibare ya Baichuan Yingfu, ubushobozi bwo gukora electrode ya grafiti yo mu gihugu mu 2021 bwari toni miliyoni 1.759. Ingano yo kohereza mu mahanga yari toni 426200, hamwe n’ubwiyongere bugaragara bwa 27% umwaka ushize, urwego rwo hejuru cyane mu gihe nk’icyo mu myaka itanu ishize.
Igikenewe cyane cyane muri electrode ya grafiti gishingiye cyane cyane mu nganda enye: gukora ibyuma mu ifuru y'amashanyarazi, fosifore y'umuhondo ishongesha ifuru y'amazi, silicon isanzwe n'inganda, muri zo hakaba hari byinshi cyane bikenewe mu gukora ibyuma mu ifuru y'amashanyarazi.
Dukurikije imibare y’amakuru ya Baichuan, ubusabe bwa electrode za grafiti mu nganda z’icyuma n’ibyuma buzaba bungana na kimwe cya kabiri cy’isabga rusange mu 2020. Iyo harebwe gusa ubusabe bw’imbere mu gihugu, electrode ya grafiti ikoreshwa mu gukora ibyuma mu itanura ry’amashanyarazi ingana na 80% by’isabga ryose rikoreshwa.
Everbright Securities yagaragaje ko electrode ya grafiti ari iy’inganda zikoresha ingufu nyinshi n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere byinshi. Hamwe n’impinduka mu mikorere ya politiki kuva ku kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’ingufu kugeza ku kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere, imiterere y’itangwa n’ikenerwa rya electrode ya grafiti izarushaho kunozwa cyane. Ugereranyije n’inganda zikora ibyuma birebire, ibyuma bikoresha ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi make bya EAF bifite inyungu zigaragara zo kugenzura karuboni, kandi icyifuzo cy’inganda zikoresha electrode ya grafiti cyitezwe kwiyongera cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 12 Mata 2022