Electrode ya grafiti yerekeza kuri peteroli, inshinge za coke nk'ibikoresho fatizo, ikaramu y'amakara yo gukurura, nyuma yo gusya ibikoresho fatizo, gusya nabi, kuvanga, gukaranga, gushushanya, gukaranga, gutera intanga, grafiti no gutunganya imashini kandi ikozwe mu bwoko bw'ibikoresho bitwara graphite mu bushyuhe bwinshi, byitwa electrode ya grafiti y'ubukorano (izwi hano nka electrode ya grafiti), kugira ngo bitandukanywe na graphite karemano nk'uburyo bwo gutegura ibikoresho fatizo bya electrode karemano ya grafiti. Dukurikije ubuziranenge bwayo, ishobora kugabanywamo electrode isanzwe ya grafiti, electrode ya grafiti ifite imbaraga nyinshi na electrode ya grafiti ifite imbaraga nyinshi cyane.
Electrode ya grafiti ifite imbaraga nyinshi ikozwe mu ikorwa rya peteroli (cyangwa selled coke yo mu rwego rwo hejuru), rimwe na rimwe electrode igomba guterwa, imiterere yayo ifatika n'iy'ikoranabuhanga iri hejuru y'electrode isanzwe ya grafiti ifite ingufu, nko kuba ifite resistivity nke, bigatuma habaho ubucucike bw'amashanyarazi bwinshi.
Electrode ya grafiti ifite imbaraga nyinshi yemerera gukoresha ubucucike bw'amashanyarazi bwa electrode ya grafiti ya 18 ~ 25A/cm2, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibyuma bikozwe mu itanura rifite imbaraga nyinshi.
Gukora ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi mu itanura ni byo bikoresha cyane electrode za grafiti. Umusaruro w'icyuma cya eAF mu Bushinwa ugera kuri 18% by'umusaruro w'icyuma gikozwe mu icupa, naho electrode ya grafiti ikoreshwa mu gukora ibyuma igera kuri 70% ~ 80% by'umubare wose w'amashanyarazi ya grafiti. Gukora ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi mu itanura ni ugukoresha electrode ya grafiti mu muyoboro w'umuriro w'itanura, gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi n'umuvuduko hagati y'umuyoboro uva mu isoko ry'ubushyuhe bwinshi kugeza ku gushonga.
-Itanura ry'umuhondo rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora fosifore y'umuhondo na silikoni, nibindi, ikiranga ni igice cyo hasi cya electrode itwara umuriro ishyinguye mu itanura, umugongo ukorwa mu gice cy'ibikoresho, kandi ugakoresha umuriro w'itanura ubwawo uhereye ku bushyuhe bukabije kugeza ku mushahara w'itanura rishyushya, kimwe mu bikoresho byinshi bikenewe -Itanura ry'umugongo rikenera electrode ya grafiti, nka silikoni 1 t kuri buri musaruro kugeza ku ikoreshwa rya electrode ya grafiti ni hafi kg 100, Hakenewe hafi kg 40 za electrode ya grafiti kugira ngo hakorwe fosifore y'umuhondo ya 1t.
Itanura rya grafiti rikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho bya grafiti, itanura rikoreshwa mu gushonga ikirahure n'itanura ry'amashanyarazi rikoreshwa mu gukora carbide ya silikoni ni iry'itanura rikoreshwa mu gushyushya. Ibikoresho biri mu itanura ni ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe n'ikintu gikoreshwa mu gushyushya. Ubusanzwe, electrode ya grafiti itwara umuriro iba iri mu rukuta rw'itanura ku mpera y'itanura rikoreshwa mu gushyushya, kandi electrode ya grafiti ikoreshwa mu gukoresha umuriro udahoraho hano.
Electrode ya grafiti idafite ikintu ikoreshwa kandi mu gutunganya ibikoresho bitandukanye bya grafiti, ibumba, ubwato n'ibishyushya hamwe n'ibindi bikoresho byihariye bya grafiti. Urugero, mu nganda zikora ikirahure cya quartz, 10T ya electrode billet ya grafiti irakenewe kuri buri 1T y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukorwamo fuse; 100Kg ya electrode billet ya grafiti irakenewe kugira ngo hakorwe amatafari ya quartz ya 1T.
Kuva mu ntangiriro z'igihembwe cya kane cya 2016, hamwe no guteza imbere politiki yo kuvugurura ibikoresho mu nganda z'ibyuma n'ibyuma, kurwanya ibyuma byo hasi byabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gukuraho ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu butari bwiza. Ku ya 10 Mutarama 2017, Umuyobozi wungirije wa Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura yavuze mu nama y'Inama Njyanama ya CISA yo mu 2017 ko imigozi yose yo hasi igomba gukurwaho mbere ya 30 Kamena 2017. Mu 2017, ubushobozi bwose bw'ibyuma bya eAF mu Bushinwa bwari toni miliyoni 120, muri zo toni miliyoni 86.6 zari zirimo gukorwa naho toni miliyoni 15.6 zari zitagikora. Kugeza mu mpera z'Ukwakira 2017, ubushobozi bwa eAF bwari toni miliyoni 26.5, muri zo hafi 30% byongeye gusubukurwa. Bitewe no kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bw'itanura riciriritse, ibyuma byo mu itanura rikoresha amashanyarazi byaratangiye, kandi inyungu mu bukungu y'ibyuma byo mu itanura rikoresha amashanyarazi iragaragara cyane. Ibyuma byo mu itanura rikoresha amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nyinshi na electrode ya grafiti ifite ingufu nyinshi, hamwe n'ishyaka ryo kugura.
Mu 2017, igiciro cy’amashanyarazi ya grafiti cyariyongereye cyane, kandi icyifuzo cyo mu mahanga cyariyongereye. Amasoko yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga yongeye kugaruka mu iterambere. Mu Bushinwa, bitewe no gukuraho "icyuma cyo hasi", kwiyongera k'ubushobozi bw'umuriro w'amashanyarazi, ubushobozi bwo kurengera ibidukikije bw'ibigo bicukura karuboni n'ibindi bintu, igiciro cya electrode ya grafiti cyo mu gihugu cyariyongereye cyane mu 2017, bigaragaza ko isoko rya electrode ya grafiti ryo mu gihugu riri kugabanuka. Muri icyo gihe, ukwiyongera kwa electrode ya grafiti mu Bushinwa bigaragaza ko icyifuzo cya electrode ya grafiti yo mu mahanga kiri hejuru. Mu gihugu no mu mahanga byagaragaje ko bikenewe cyane kuri electrode ya grafiti, inganda ziracyari kugabanuka.
Kubwibyo, gushora imari mu nganda zifite ingufu nyinshi za grafiti biracyakomeye.
Bitewe n’iterambere ry’inganda z’icyuma n’ibyuma ku isi, itanura ry’amashanyarazi rigenda rigera ku igenzura rinini, rifite ingufu nyinshi cyane na mudasobwa hamwe n’ibindi bice by’iterambere, ikoreshwa ry’itanura ry’amashanyarazi rikoresha ingufu nyinshi riri kwiyongera, riteza imbere ikoreshwa rya electrode ya grafiti ifite ingufu nyinshi.
Ugereranyije na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Uburayi, Ubuyapani n'ibindi bihugu byateye imbere n'uturere, inganda z'amashanyarazi za grafiti mu Bushinwa zatangiye zitinze, ahanini zishingiye ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga vuba cyane, umusaruro wa electrode ya grafiti ifite ingufu nyinshi ntabwo ukenewe cyane. Bitewe n'iterambere ry'inganda z'ibyuma n'ibyuma ndetse n'iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga, Ubushinwa bwagiye bugabanya ubushobozi bw'ibihugu by'amahanga mu ikoranabuhanga, kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora electrode ya grafiti ifite ingufu nyinshi buriyongera, kandi ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa nabwo bwarushijeho kuzamuka vuba. Kuri ubu, electrode ya grafiti ifite ingufu nyinshi ikorerwa mu Bushinwa yageze ku musaruro mwiza mu itanura rinini ry'amashanyarazi, kandi imikorere yose y'ibicuruzwa ishobora kugera ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Ibicuruzwa bya electrode ya grafiti ifite ingufu nyinshi mu Bushinwa ntibitanga gusa isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu, ahubwo binatanga umubare munini w'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, kandi icyifuzo cy'ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga ni gito.
Guteza imbere ibyuma bikoreshwa mu itanura kugeza ku ngufu zidasanzwe ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu iterambere ry'inganda zikora ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi. Mu gihe kizaza, umusaruro w'ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi bikoresha amashanyarazi uziyongera, kandi icyifuzo cyabyo cya electrode ya grafiti ifite ingufu zidasanzwe nacyo kiziyongera, bigateza imbere ikorwa rya electrode ya grafiti ifite ingufu zidasanzwe mu Bushinwa. Ibigo byo mu gihugu bifite ingufu zidasanzwe bya electrode ya grafiti bishobora kwagura uruhererekane rw'inganda, gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibikoresho fatizo, no kubaka ibikoresho by'umusaruro, bishobora kugabanya neza ikiguzi cy'ibigo no kunoza inyungu z'imikorere y'ibigo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-31-2022