Inzira z'ingenzi z'isoko
Kongera umusaruro w'ibyuma binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ry'amashanyarazi rya Arc Furnace
- Ifuru y'amashanyarazi ifata ibisigazwa by'icyuma, DRI, HBI (icyuma gishyushye cya briquetted, gikozwe muri DRI), cyangwa icyuma cy'ingurube mu buryo bukomeye, ikabishongesha kugira ngo bikore icyuma. Mu nzira ya EAF, amashanyarazi atanga imbaraga zo gushongesha ibiryo.
- Electrode ya grafiti ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibyuma by'amashanyarazi mu itanura ry'umuriro (EAF), kugira ngo ishongeshe ibisigazwa by'icyuma. Electrode zikozwe muri grafiti kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi. Muri EAF, umutwe w'iyo electrode ushobora kugera kuri dogere 3.000 Fahrenheit, ari na kimwe cya kabiri cy'ubushyuhe bw'izuba. Ingano ya electrode iratandukanye cyane, kuva kuri mm 75 z'umurambararo, kugeza kuri mm 750 z'umurambararo, no kugeza kuri mm 2.800 z'uburebure.
- Izamuka ry'ibiciro bya electrode za grafiti ryazamuye ikiguzi cy'inganda za EAF. EAF isanzwe ikoreshwa hafi kg 1.7 za electrode za grafiti kugira ngo ikore toni imwe y'icyuma.
- Izamuka ry'ibiciro riterwa no guhuza inganda, ku isi yose, ihagarikwa ry'ubushobozi mu Bushinwa, nyuma y'amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije, ndetse n'izamuka ry'umusaruro wa EAF, ku isi yose. Ibi biteganijwe ko byongera ikiguzi cy'umusaruro wa EAF ho 1-5%, bitewe n'uburyo uruganda rutanga amasoko, kandi ibi bishobora kubangamira umusaruro w'icyuma, kuko nta kindi cyasimbura electrode ya grafiti mu bikorwa bya EAF.
- Byongeye kandi, politiki y'Ubushinwa yo guhangana n'ihumana ry'ikirere yashimangiwe n'inzitizi zikomeye zo gutanga, atari mu rwego rw'ibyuma gusa, ahubwo no mu mashanyarazi, zinc, n'izindi nzego zikora ihumana ry'udukoko. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umusaruro w'ibyuma byo mu Bushinwa waragabanutse cyane mu myaka ishize. Ariko, byitezwe ko ibi bizagira ingaruka nziza ku biciro by'ibyuma n'inganda z'ibyuma mu karere, kugira ngo birusheho kuzamuka neza.
- Ibintu byose byavuzwe haruguru, byitezwe ko bizamura isoko rya electrode ya grafiti mu gihe cy’iteganyagihe.
Akarere ka Aziya na Pasifika kagiye kwigarurira isoko
- Akarere ka Aziya na Pasifika ni ko kayoboye isoko mpuzamahanga. Ubushinwa bufite umugabane munini mu bijyanye no gukoresha no gukora electrodes za grafiti mu rwego rw'isi.
- Amabwiriza mashya ya politiki i Beijing no mu zindi ntara zikomeye mu gihugu ahatira abakora ibyuma gufunga ubushobozi bwa toni miliyoni 1.25 z'ibyuma bikorerwa mu nzira yangiza ibidukikije kugira ngo bakore ubushobozi bushya bwa toni miliyoni 1 z'ibyuma. Politiki nk'izo zashyigikiye ihinduka ry'abakora ibyuma bava mu buryo busanzwe bwo gukora ibyuma bakajya mu buryo bwa EAF.
- Umusaruro w’imodoka ukomeje kwiyongera, hamwe n’inganda z’ubwubatsi zigenda ziyongera, byitezwe ko bizashyigikira icyifuzo cy’imbere mu gihugu cy’ibikoresho bidafite feri n’icyuma, ibi bikaba ari ibintu byiza bituma icyifuzo cy’amashanyarazi ya graphite electrode kizamuka mu myaka iri imbere.
- Ubushobozi bw'umusaruro wa electrode za grafiti za UHP mu Bushinwa ubu ni hafi toni ibihumbi 50 ku mwaka. Biteganijwe ko icyifuzo cya electrode za UHP mu Bushinwa kizakomeza kwiyongera mu gihe kirekire kandi biteganijwe ko hazabaho ubundi bushobozi bwa toni zisaga ibihumbi 50 za electrode za grafiti za UHP mu byiciro bya nyuma by'igihe cy'iteganyagihe.
- Ibintu byose byavuzwe haruguru, nabyo byitezweho kongera ubwiyongere bw'ubukene bwa electrode ya grafiti mu karere mu gihe cy'iteganyagihe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 14 Ukwakira 2020