Ifu ya grafiti ikoreshwa nk'amashanyarazi ya grafiti ifite ibyiza byinshi. Ariko, uburyo bwo kugaragaza ibyiza by'iyi mashini, kugera ku kunoza imikorere, kugabanya ikiguzi no kongera ipiganwa ku isoko, ibi si ibibazo abakora grafiti bagomba gusuzuma gusa, ahubwo ni n'ibibazo abakoresha grafiti bagomba gufata nk'ibikomeye. None se, mu gihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho bya grafiti, ni ibihe bibazo bigomba gukemurwa mbere na mbere?
Gukuraho ivumbi: Bitewe n'imiterere y'uduce duto twa grafiti, ivumbi rinini rikorwa mu gihe cyo gutunganya imashini, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku ruganda. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka z'ivumbi ku bikoresho zigaragarira ahanini mu ngaruka zaryo ku itangwa ry'amashanyarazi y'ibikoresho. Bitewe n'ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara graphite mu mashanyarazi, iyo imaze kwinjira mu gasanduku k'amashanyarazi, ishobora gutera amashanyarazi magufi n'andi makosa. Kubwibyo, ni byiza ko imashini yihariye yo gutunganya grafiti ikoreshwa mu gutunganya. Ariko, kubera ikiguzi kinini cy'ishoramari ry'ibikoresho byihariye byo gutunganya grafiti, ibigo byinshi byitonda kuri iki kibazo. Muri ibyo bihe, ibisubizo bikurikira bishobora gukoreshwa:
Gutanga electrode za grafiti hanze: Kubera ko grafiti ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora ibumba, ibigo byinshi bikora amasezerano y’ibumba (OEM) nabyo byatangije ubucuruzi bwa OEM bw’ibumba za grafiti.
Nyuma yo gutunganya amavuta: Nyuma yo kugura grafiti, ibanza gushyirwa mu mavuta y’izuba mu gihe runaka (igihe runaka giterwa n’ingano ya grafiti), hanyuma igashyirwa mu kigo cy’imashini kugira ngo itunganywe. Muri ubwo buryo, umukungugu wa grafiti ntuzaguruka ahubwo uzagwa. Ibi bizagabanya ingaruka ku bikoresho no ku bidukikije.
Guhindura ikigo cy’imashini: Icyo bita guhindura ahanini gikubiyemo gushyira imashini isukura umwuka ku kigo gisanzwe cy’imashini.
Icyuho cyo gusohora amazi mu gihe cyo gutunganya grafiti isohora amazi: Bitandukanye n'umuringa, bitewe n'umuvuduko wo gusohora amazi wa electrode za grafiti, slag nyinshi zo gutunganya amazi zihita zigwa kuri buri gice cy'amazi. Uburyo bwo gukuraho slag neza butera ikibazo. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa ko icyuho cyo gusohora amazi kiba kinini kuruta icy'umuringa. Muri rusange, iyo ushyizeho icyuho cyo gusohora amazi, icyuho cyo gusohora amazi cya grafiti kiba kinini kuruta icy'umuringa kuva kuri 10 kugeza kuri 30%.
Gusobanukirwa neza inenge zayo: Uretse ivumbi, grafiti ifite n'intege nke zimwe na zimwe. Urugero, iyo utunganya ibishushanyo mbonera by'ubuso bw'indorerwamo, ugereranije na electrode z'umuringa, electrode za grafiti ntizishobora kugera ku ngaruka zifuzwa. Kugira ngo habeho ingaruka nziza ku buso, hagomba gutoranywa ingano nziza ya grafiti, kandi ikiguzi cy'ubu bwoko bwa grafiti akenshi kiba kiri hejuru inshuro 4 kugeza kuri 6 ugereranyije n'icya grafiti isanzwe. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo kongera gukoresha grafiti ni buke. Bitewe n'uburyo bwo gukora, igice gito cya grafiti ni cyo gishobora gukoreshwa mu kongera no gukoresha. Grafiti y'imyanda nyuma yo gukoresha amashanyarazi ntishobora kongera gukoreshwa muri iki gihe, bityo bigatera imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe mu micungire y'ibidukikije by'ibigo. Muri urwo rwego, dushobora gutanga serivisi zo kongera gukoresha grafiti ku buntu ku bakiriya kugira ngo birinde guteza ibibazo ku cyemezo cyabo cyo kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Gucukura mu buryo bwa mashini: Kubera ko grafiti irushaho kugorama kurusha umuringa, iyo grafiti itunganyijwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bumwe n’amashanyarazi y’umuringa, byoroshye gutuma electrodes zicukura, cyane cyane iyo zicukura electrodes zifite imbavu nto. Muri urwo rwego, inkunga y’ikoranabuhanga y’ubuntu ishobora gutangwa ku bakora ibumba. Bigerwaho ahanini binyuze mu guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukata, uburyo ibikoresho binyuramo, no gushyiraho ibipimo byo gutunganya. Ingero za grafiti y’udusimba karemano zakozwe hakoreshejwe gukanda bukonje nta gufunga hakoreshejwe grafiti y’udusimba karemano. Ingaruka z’impinduka mu gukora igitutu no gufata igihe cy’igitutu ku bucucike, porosity n’imbaraga zo gucukura by’ingero zakoreweho ubushakashatsi. Isano iri hagati y’imiterere mito n’imbaraga zo gucukura by’ingero za grafiti karemano zasesenguwe mu buryo bw’ubuziranenge. Sisitemu ebyiri, aside boric - urea na tetraethyl silicate - acetone - aside hydrochloric, zatoranyijwe kugira ngo zige kandi ziganire ku miterere ya antioxidant n’uburyo ifu karemano ya grafiti n’ingero karemano za electrode y’udusimba karemano ya grafiti mbere na nyuma yo kuvurwa na antioxidant. Ibikubiye mu bushakashatsi n'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi ni ibi bikurikira: Imikorere y'ikorwa rya grafiti karemano y'ibice bito n'ingaruka z'imiterere y'ibice bito n'imiterere byakozweho. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko uko igitutu cy'ingero karemano y'ibice bito bito kirushaho kuba kinini, ni ko ubucucike n'imbaraga zo guhindagurika by'icyitegererezo birushaho kuba byinshi, mu gihe ubucucike bw'icyitegererezo burushaho kuba buto. Igihe cyo gufata igitutu bigira ingaruka nke ku bucucike bw'icyitegererezo. Iyo birengeje iminota 5, ubushobozi bw'icyitegererezo buba bwiza kurushaho. Imbaraga zo guhindagurika zigaragaza anisotropy igaragara, kandi imbaraga zo guhindagurika mu byerekezo bitandukanye ni 5.95MPa, 9.68MPa, na 12.70MPa. Anisotropy y'imbaraga zo guhindagurika ifitanye isano rya hafi n'imiterere karemano ya grafiti.
Imiterere ya antioxidant ya sisitemu ya boron-azote yateguwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusesengura n'uburyo bwa sol hamwe n'ifu ya grafiti karemano ya flake itwikiriwe na silica sol mbere na nyuma yayo byizweho. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko uko umubare w'imyanda wiyongera, ingano ya silica sol na sisitemu ya boron-azote itwikiriwe ku buso bw'ifu ya grafiti yiyongera, kandi imiterere ya antioxidant irushaho kuba myiza. Ubushyuhe bwa mbere bwa oxidation ya grafiti karemano ya flake ni 883K, naho igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro bya oxidation kuri 923K ni 407.6mg/g/h. Ifu ya grafiti yatewe inshuro icyenda muri sisitemu ya aside boric - urea na sisitemu ya ethyl silicate - ethanol - hydrochloric. Nyuma yo gushyushya isaha 1 munsi y'ikirere cya 1273K na N2, igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro bya oxidation ya grafiti karemano ya flake kuri 923K cyari 47.9 mg/g/h na 206.1mg/g/h. Nyuma yo gukoresha ubushyuhe bw'isaha imwe mu kirere cya N2 cya 1973K na 1723K, igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro bya graphite natural flake kuri 923K cyari 3.0mg /g / h na 42.0mg /g / h; Uburyo bwombi bushobora kugabanya igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro bya graphite natural flake, ariko ingaruka za aside boric - urea system ni nziza kuruta iz'aside ethyl silicate - ethanol - hydrochloric acid.
Electrode za grafiti zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda nini nko gukora ibyuma mu itanura ry’amashanyarazi, gukora fosifore mu itanura ry’amabuye y’agaciro, gushonga umucanga wa magnesia mu mashanyarazi, gutegura ibikoresho bishonga mu mashanyarazi, electrolysis ya aluminiyumu, no gukora fosifore, silikoni, na karubide mu nganda. Electrode za grafiti zigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: electrode za grafiti karemano na electrode za grafiti karemano. Ugereranyije na electrode za grafiti karemano, electrode za grafiti karemano ntizisaba uburyo bwa shimi bwa grafiti. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uruziga rw’ikorwa rya electrode karemano za grafiti ruragabanuka cyane, ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’umwanda biragabanuka cyane, kandi ibiciro biragabanuka cyane. Zifite inyungu zigaragara ku biciro n’inyungu mu bukungu, ari na imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zituma electrode karemano za grafiti zitera imbere.
Byongeye kandi, electrode za grafiti karemano ni ibikoresho by’agaciro kanini bya grafiti karemano kandi bifite agaciro gakomeye mu iterambere no mu mikoreshereze yabyo. Ariko, imikorere y’irema, kurwanya ogisijeni n’imiterere ya mekanike ya electrode karemano za grafiti ubu biri hasi ugereranyije n’iy’imashini za grafiti karemano, ari na yo mbogamizi nyamukuru mu iterambere ryazo. Kubwibyo, gutsinda izi mbogamizi ni ingenzi mu guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya electrode karemano za grafiti.
Imiterere ya antioxidant ya sisitemu ya boron-azote yateguwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusesengura n'uburyo bwa sol hamwe n'uduce twa grafiti tw'umwimerere twasizwe na silica sol mbere na nyuma y'aho byizwe. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko imiterere ya antioxidant ya utuce twa grafiti tw'umwimerere twasizwe na silica sol igenda irushaho kuba mibi uko umubare w'uduce twiyongera. Uduce twa grafiti tw'umwimerere twasizwe na boron-azote dufite imiterere myiza ya antioxidant uko umubare w'uduce twiyongera. Igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro bya oxidation bya utuce twa grafiti tw'umwimerere kuri 923K na 1273K cyari 122.432mg/g/h na 191.214mg/g/h, uko bikurikirana. Uduce twa grafiti tw'umwimerere twasizwe inshuro icyenda muri sisitemu ya boric - urea na sisitemu ya ethyl silicate - ethanol - hydrochloric. Nyuma yo gukoresha ubushyuhe bw'isaha imwe mu kirere cya 1273K na N2, igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro bya ogisijeni kuri 923K cyari 20.477mg/g/h na 28.753mg/g/h, uko bikurikirana. Kuri 1273K, byari 37.064mg/g/h na 54.398mg/g/h uko bikurikirana; Nyuma yo gukoresha 1973K na 1723K uko bikurikirana, igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro bya ogisijeni bya graphite karemano kuri 923K cyari 8.182 mg/g/h na 31.347mg/g/h uko bikurikirana; Kuri 1273K, byari 126.729mg/g/h na 169.978mg/g/h uko bikurikirana; Sisitemu zombi zishobora kugabanya cyane igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro bya ogisijeni bya graphite karemano. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ingaruka zo kurwanya aside boric - urea mu mubiri ziruta iz'aside hydrochloric ya ethyl silicate - ethanol.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-12-2025