Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoreshwa mu gukora electrode ya grafiti ni calcium petroleum coke. None se ni ubuhe bwoko bwa calcium petroleum coke bukwiriye gukorwa electrode ya grafiti?
1. Gutegura amavuta yo guteka agomba kuba yujuje ihame ryo gukora peteroli ya coke nziza, kandi gushyiraho ikirango cya peteroli ya coke nziza bigomba kuba bifite imiterere ya fibre. Uburyo bwo kuyatunganya bugaragaza ko kongeramo 20-30% by'ibisigazwa by'ubushyuhe muri peteroli ya coke bifite ubwiza bwiza, bushobora guhaza ibisabwa na electrode ya grafiti.
2. Imbaraga zihagije z'inyubako.
Umwanya w'ibinyampeke mbere yo gusya, gushonga, no gusya kugira ngo bigabanye gusya, byujuje ibisabwa mu gusya ingano y'ibinyampeke kare.
3. Ihindagurika ry'ingano ya coke rigomba kuba rito nyuma yo gucika, ibyo bikaba byagabanya umuvuduko w'imbere mu gicuruzwa uterwa no kubyimba inyuma kw'igicuruzwa gikase ndetse no kugabanuka mu buryo bwo gukaranga no gushushanya.
4. Coke igomba kuba yoroshye kuyishyira mu byiciro, ibicuruzwa bigomba kuba bifite ubushobozi buke bwo kuyirwanya, ubushobozi bwo kuyitwara mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushobozi buke bwo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe.
5. Koke ihinduka igomba kuba munsi ya 1%,Ibintu bihindagurika bigaragaza uburebure bw'igikoni kandi bigira ingaruka ku miterere yabyo.
6. Coke igomba kurotswa kuri 1300°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 5, kandi uburemere bwayo nyakuri ntibugomba kuba munsi ya 2.17g/cm2.
7. Sulfure iri muri coke ntigomba kurenza 0.5%.
Amerika ya Ruguru na Amerika y'Epfo ni byo bitanga peteroli nyinshi ku isi, Mu gihe Uburayi bwihaza muri peteroli. Ibigo bitanga peteroli muri Aziya ni Koweti, Indoneziya, Tayiwani n'Ubuyapani n'ibindi bihugu n'uturere.
Kuva mu myaka ya 1990, bitewe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'ubukungu bw'Ubushinwa, icyifuzo cya peteroli cyakomeje kwiyongera uko umwaka utashye.
Iyo ingano y’amavuta atunganywa yiyongera cyane, ingano nini ya peteroli, umusaruro ukomoka ku gutunganya peteroli, nta kabuza izakorwa.
Dukurikije uko umusaruro wa peteroli uturuka muri koke mu Bushinwa ukwirakwira mu karere, akarere k'iburasirazuba bw'Ubushinwa kaza ku mwanya wa mbere, kakaba gafite ibirenga 50% by'umusaruro wose wa koke mu Bushinwa.
Ikurikirwa n'akarere k'amajyaruguru y'uburasirazuba n'akarere k'amajyaruguru y'uburengerazuba.
Ingano ya sulfure muri peteroli coke igira uruhare runini mu ikoreshwa ryayo n'igiciro cyayo, kandi ikorwa rya peteroli coke ifite graphitized rigengwa n'amategeko akaze agenga ibidukikije mu mahanga, abuza gutwika peteroli coke ifite sulfure nyinshi mu nganda nyinshi zitunganya amabuye y'agaciro n'inganda zitanga amashanyarazi mu gihugu.
Coke ya peteroli nziza kandi ifite sulfur nke ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z'ibyuma, aluminiyumu na karuboni. Ubwiyongere bw'ubukene byongera agaciro ka coke ya peteroli inshuro nyinshi.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ikoreshwa rya koke ikomoka kuri peteroli mu Bushinwa rikomeje kwiyongera ku muvuduko wo hejuru, kandi icyifuzo cya koke ikomoka kuri peteroli ku masoko yose y’abaguzi kikomeje kwiyongera.
Aluminium igizwe n'ibirenga kimwe cya kabiri cy'ikoreshwa rya peteroli mu Bushinwa. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane muri anode itetse mbere, kandi ikenewe cyane muri coke ya sulfur iri hagati n'iyo hasi ni nyinshi.
Ibikomoka kuri karuboni bigira hafi kimwe cya gatanu cy'ibikenewe bya peteroli, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutegura electrode za grafiti. Electrode za grafiti zigezweho zifite agaciro kanini kandi zungukira cyane.
Ikoreshwa rya lisansi rigera kuri kimwe cya cumi, kandi inganda zitanga amashanyarazi, inganda za porcelain n'izikoresha ibirahure zikoresha byinshi.
Igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'inganda zitunganya utwuma ni kimwe cya makumyabiri, ikoreshwa ry'inganda zikora ibyuma.
Byongeye kandi, icyifuzo cy'inganda za silikoni nacyo ni imbaraga zigomba kwitabwaho.
Igice cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ni cyo kigize igice gito cyane, ariko icyifuzo cya koke nziza ya peteroli ku isoko ryo mu mahanga kiracyakwiye kwitegwaho. Hariho kandi igice runaka cya koke ifite sulfure nyinshi, ndetse n'ikoreshwa ry'ikoreshwa mu gihugu.
Kubera iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa, inganda z’ibyuma zo mu gihugu mu Bushinwa, imashini zishongesha aluminiyumu n’izindi nyungu z’ubukungu byagiye bitera imbere buhoro buhoro, kugira ngo umusaruro n’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa byongera, ibigo byinshi binini byagiye bigura buhoro buhoro peteroli ikoreshwa mu gukaranga karubone. Ubukene bw’imbere mu gihugu burimo kwiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, bitewe n’ikiguzi cyo gukora kiri hejuru, imari shingiro y’ishoramari rinini n’ibisabwa byinshi bya tekiniki mu gukora peteroli ikoreshwa mu gukaranga, nta bigo byinshi bitanga umusaruro bihari kandi nta muvuduko mwinshi wo guhangana muri iki gihe, bityo rero, isoko ni rinini, isoko ni rito, kandi isoko muri rusange ni rito cyane ugereranyije n’ibikenewe.
Kugeza ubu, isoko rya peteroli rya coke mu Bushinwa ririmo, hari ibikomoka kuri peteroli bya sulfur byinshi, ahanini bikoreshwa nk'ibikomoka kuri lisansi; Ibikomoka kuri peteroli bya sulfur bike bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no kohereza mu mahanga; Ibikomoka kuri peteroli bya peteroli bigezweho bigomba gutumizwa mu mahanga.
Igikorwa cyo gukaranga peteroli mu mahanga kirangirira mu ruganda, koke ya peteroli ikorwa n'urwo ruganda ijya mu ruganda rukora calcium kugira ngo ikarangire.
Kubera ko nta gikoresho cyo gukaranga kiri mu nganda zitunganya peteroli, koke ya peteroli ikorwa n’inganda zitunganya peteroli igurishwa ku giciro gito. Kuri ubu, koke ya peteroli yo mu Bushinwa na koke ya karuboni ikorerwa mu nganda zitunganya ibyuma, nko mu nganda zitunganya karuboni, uruganda rwa aluminiyumu, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-02-2020