Inkomoko y'amateka ya koke ya peteroli ya Graphitized: Ihinduka ry'ubwenge kuva ku "bintu byangiritse" kugera ku "bintu by'ingamba"

Ikibazo cyo mu ntangiriro: "Cinderella" y'inganda zitunganya peteroli

Amavu n'amavuko: Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, ubwo ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura peteroli ryari rimaze gukwirakwira, inganda zitunganya peteroli zakoze ingano nini y'ibikomoka kuri peteroli—peteroli coke. Yafatwaga nk'"ibisigazwa byo hasi cyane" bifite agaciro gato cyane ko gukoreshwa.

Ikoreshwa rya mbere: Aho yakoreraga ha mbere hakoreshwaga nk'ibicanwa bihendutse (ku ngufu no mu nganda za sima) cyangwa nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze byo gukora electrode za karuboni (nk'ibinyabutabire bikoreshwa mu gushongesha aluminiyumu). Muri icyo gihe, ubwiza bwayo bwaratandukanye cyane, kandi yafatwaga nk'ibikoresho "bidafite umumaro kandi bidakomeye".

Igitera imbaraga mu ntambara: Izamuka ry'ubukorikori bw'ibyuma by'amashanyarazi

Ingingo y'ingenzi: Mu gihe cy'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi (EAF) ryagize iterambere ryihuse. Ubukene bw'ibyuma byihariye bifite imikorere myiza bwariyongereye cyane mu gihe cy'intambara. Igice cy'ingenzi cya EAF ni electrode, igomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bw'amashanyarazi bugera kuri 3000°C kandi ifite amashanyarazi meza cyane.

Imbogamizi y'ibikoresho: Electrode zisanzwe za karuboni ntizashoboye kuzuza ibisabwa. Zari zikunze kurwara ogisijeni, zakoreshaga vuba, kandi zigakoresha neza. Abantu babonye ko ari ngombwa kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho fatizo bya electrode.

Intangiriro ya "Graphitisation": Muri iki gihe, ikoranabuhanga rya "graphitization", ryaturutse ku ivumburwa rya Edward G. Acheson rya graphite y'ubukorano mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19, ryakoreshejwe kuri peteroli coke. Byavumbuwe ko peteroli coke yakoreshejwe ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 2500°C yazamutse mu mikorere yayo, ihuye neza n'ibyo electrode za EAF zikeneye. Ibi byabaye ihinduka rya mbere ry'ingenzi mu mateka ya peteroli coke - iva kuri lisansi ijya ku gikoresho cy'ingenzi gikoreshwa mu nganda.

Ishingiro ry'Inganda: Guhuza Inganda za Aluminium

Isano ry’ubufatanye: Nyuma y’intambara, mu gihe cyo kwiyubaka k’ubukungu bw’isi, inganda za aluminiyumu zagize iterambere ryihuse. Akaremangingo ka Hall-Héroult gakoresha electrolytic kugira ngo gakore aluminiyumu y’icyuma kasabaga ingano nini y’ibinyabutabire byatetse mbere, kandi coke nziza cyane ya peteroli (cyane cyane "coke y’icyatsi kibisi") ni yo yari ibikoresho by’ingenzi.

Iterambere Rishingiye ku Busabe: Ubusabe bukabije bw’inganda za aluminiyumu bwatumye isoko rya koke ya peteroli rituza kandi butera ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku bwiza bwa koke ya peteroli (nk'ibikubiye muri sulfur, imyanda ya metali, n'ubushyuhe), bigashyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rw’inganda mu gukoresha graphitization nyuma yaho.