Ni ibihe bikoresho by'ingenzi byo gukora koke ya peteroli ifite graphitized?

Ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gukora coke ya peteroli ya graphitized ni itanura rikomeza gukoresha graphitization. Ibyiza byaryo mu ikoranabuhanga n'imiterere y'imikorere byatumye riba amahitamo akomeye mu nganda, nk'uko bisobanuwe hano hepfo:

I. Aho amatanura akoresha grafiti ahora ashyirwa mu bikorwa

1. Ihame ry'Inzira

Amatanura ahoraho ya graphitization ahindura molekile za karuboni muri peteroli coke kuva mu buryo butameze neza mu buryo bwa hexagonal, buteguye neza binyuze mu bushyuhe bwinshi (hafi 3000°C) no mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi. Ubu buryo buha peteroli coke ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi menshi n'ubushyuhe buhamye, bigatuma iba inyongeramusaruro nziza ya karuboni n'ibikoresho fatizo bya electrode za graphite.

2. Ibyiza byo kugereranya inganda

• Ifuru gakondo ya Acheson: Ikenera gupakira, gushyushya no gukonjesha, bigatuma ikoreshwa cyane kandi ikagira igihe kirekire cyo kuyikoresha (iminsi 15-20). Byongeye kandi, ikenera ibikoresho byinshi byo gukingira (nk'imashini ya coke) kugira ngo byuzure, bigatuma ibiciro bizamuka kandi ikagira umusaruro muke.
• Ifuru ikoresha grafiti ihoraho: Ituma ibikoresho fatizo bikomeza gutangwa, gupimwa no gusohora umuriro, hamwe n'itanura rimwe rishobora gukora toni 50-100 ku munsi. Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu rigabanukaho 30%-50%, kandi nta bikoresho byuzuza bikenewe, bigabanyiriza umusaruro w'imyanda.

II. Ibiranga ikoranabuhanga ry'amatanura ahoraho ya Graphitization

1. Gukoresha neza no kubungabunga ingufu

Igikoresho cy'itanura gikoresha imiterere y'ubushyuhe ifite ibyiciro byinshi (urugero: icyuma gishyushya cya karuboni, icyuma gishyushya cya grafiti) kugira ngo kigabanye ubushyuhe butakaza, bikongera ubushobozi bw'ubushyuhe ku kigero kirenga 80%. Sisitemu yo gushyushya irwanya ubushyuhe itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe neza, ikarinda ubushyuhe bukabije cyangwa ubushyuhe budahagije kandi ikagenzura ubwiza bwa grafiti buhamye.

2. Igenzura ryikora

Ifite sisitemu yo kugenzura ya PLC, ihora igenzura ibipimo nk'ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, n'amashanyarazi, igahindura mu buryo bwikora imbaraga zo gushyushya n'umuvuduko wo gutanga. Ubushobozi bwo kugenzura kure bufasha gutanga amakuru ku makosa no kunoza imikorere, bigagabanya uburyo bwo gukoresha intoki.

3. Imikorere y'ibidukikije

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'itanura gifunze kigabanya imyuka ihumanya n'iy'umukungugu, mu gihe ibikoresho byo gusukura no gukuramo ivumbi byujuje ibisabwa ku bidukikije. Sisitemu yo kugarura ubushyuhe bw'imyanda ikoresha ubushyuhe bw'imyanda mu gushyushya ibikoresho fatizo, bikagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.

III. Ibice by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho n'imikorere yabyo

1. Imiterere y'itanura

• Agace gashyushya: Kagizwe n'amashanyarazi ya grafiti cyangwa insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi.
• Uburyo bwo gukingira: Ikoresha icyuma gikingira karuboni cyangwa icyuma gikingira karuboni kugira ngo igabanye ubushyuhe.
• Uburyo bwo kugaburira: Utwuma two kohereza ibintu ku giti cyangwa utumashini dutanga ibikoresho bihindagurika bituma ibikoresho fatizo bitangwa buri gihe kandi bingana.
• Sisitemu yo gusohora: Ibikoresho bikonjeshwa n'amazi cyangwa bikonjeshwa n'umwuka bikonjesha vuba ibikoresho bya graphite kugira ngo hirindwe ogisijeni.

2. Ibikoresho by'ubufasha

• Imashini yo gusya no gusuzuma: Icagagura coke mbisi ya peteroli mo uduce twa mm 1-6 kugira ngo ishyushye neza.
• Sisitemu yo Gukuraho Umukungugu: Imashini ziyungurura imifuka cyangwa ibikoresho bitanga umukungugu bikusanya umukungugu kandi bigasukura imyuka isohora umwuka.
• Sisitemu yo Kugenzura: Sisitemu za PLC cyangwa DCS zemerera gukora mu buryo bwikora mu gihe cyose cy'igikorwa.

IV. Imanza zo Gusaba Ubusabe n'Ibyiza by'Ubukungu

1. Imishinga Isanzwe yo mu Gihugu

Isosiyete yashyizeho itanura rikoresha ikoranabuhanga rihoraho ryo gukora inyongeramusaruro za peteroli za coke carbone, rigera ku musaruro wa buri munsi wa toni 80 kuri buri itanura. Ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi kuri toni ryagabanutse kuva kuri 6000 kWh mu itanura risanzwe rigera kuri 3500 kWh, bigabanya amafaranga arenga miliyoni icumi y'amayuan mu kiguzi cy'amashanyarazi buri mwaka. Ingano ya karubone idahinduka y'icyo gicuruzwa ni ≥98.5%, naho ingano ya sulfur ni ≤0.05%, bigera ku bipimo mpuzamahanga bihanitse kandi bisimbura ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga.

2. Inzira z'Iterambere Mpuzamahanga

Ikoranabuhanga rihoraho ryo gukoresha graphitization rikoreshwa cyane mu Burayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, rihujwe na sisitemu z’ubuhanga zo kugenzura ibikorwa bidakozwe n’abakoresha ibyuma. Ibigo by’Abayapani byanogeje inyubako z’amatanura kugira ngo bigenzure ubushyuhe bwa graphitization buri muri ± 5°C, bikongera uburinganire bw’ibicuruzwa.

V. Ibyifuzo byo guhitamo

1. Guhuza ubushobozi

Hitamo ingano y'itanura ukurikije ibyo isoko risaba: amatanura mato (toni 10-30 ku munsi) akwiriye ubushakashatsi n'iterambere cyangwa umusaruro muke, mu gihe amatanura manini (arenga toni 50 ku munsi) akwiriye gukoreshwa mu nganda.

2. Ibipimo bya tekiniki

• Ubushyuhe ntarengwa: ≥3000°C (kugira ngo habeho graphitization yuzuye).
• Ubushyuhe bungana: ≤±10°C (kugira ngo hirindwe ko hatwikwa cyane cyangwa ko hasi hatwikwa).
• Ingufu zikoreshwa: ≤3500 kWh/toni (munsi y'impuzandengo y'inganda).

3. Guhitamo abatanga serivisi

Shyira imbere inganda zifite amateka meza kandi zishyigikiwe cyane nyuma yo kugurisha, nk'izindi sosiyete zikora inganda zikomeye n'imashini zo mu gihugu. Ibikoresho byabo byarangije icyemezo cya ISO kandi byoherejwe mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya no mu Burayi.