Ni ibihe bintu by'ingenzi by'ingenzi bisabwa ku gipimo cya koke ya peteroli ya grafiti mu nzego zitandukanye zikoreshwa (nk'ibice bya bateri ya lithium na cathode bya aluminiyumu)?

Ibisabwa mu byiciro bitandukanye bya peteroli ya Coke ifite graphite mu nzego ebyiri z'ingenzi zikoreshwa: Lithium-ion Battery Anodes na Aluminium Cathodes

Ibisabwa ku gipimo cya peteroli coke ifite graphitized bigaragaza itandukaniro rinini mu miterere ya shimi, imiterere ya fiziki, n'imikorere ya electrochemical muri anode za bateri ya lithiamu-ion na cathode za aluminiyumu. Ibyingenzi byihutirwa ni ibi bikurikira:

I. Anode za Bateri ya Lithium-ion: Imikorere ya Electrochemical nk'Ishingiro, hamwe n'Uburimbane bw'Imiterere

1. Ingano nke ya sulfure (<0.5%)
   Ibisigazwa bya sulfure bishobora gutuma kristu igabanuka kandi ikagenda yiyongera mu gihe cyo gukoresha graphitization, bigatera kuvunika kwa electrode. Byongeye kandi, sulfure ishobora kurekura imyuka ku bushyuhe bwinshi, ikangiza filime ya electrolyte interphase (SEI) bigatuma ubushobozi bwayo bugabanuka burundu. Urugero, GB/T 24533-2019 itegeka kugenzura cyane ingano ya sulfure kuri graphite ikoreshwa muri anode za bateri ya lithiamu-ion.
2. Ivu riri hasi (≤0.15%)
   Imyanda y'icyuma iri mu ivu (urugero: sodium, icyuma) itera ibora ry'amashanyarazi, yihutisha kwangirika kwa bateri. Imyanda ya sodium ishobora kandi gutera ihindagurika rya anode mu bitoki, ikagabanya igihe cy'imikorere yabyo. Grafiti ifite isuku nyinshi isaba uburyo bwo "gupima ubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, ibikoresho fatizo bifite isuku nyinshi) kugira ngo igabanye ivu riri munsi ya 0.15%.
3. Ubuziranenge bwo hejuru n'imiterere y'icyerekezo
   • Ubucucike Bukomeye: Bugaragaza ubucucike bwa grafiti; ubucucike bwinshi bw'ukuri butuma habaho imiyoboro iteguye yo gushyiramo/gukuramo lithium-ion, bikongera imikorere myiza.
   • Koefficient yo Kwagura Ubushyuhe Buke: Koke y'inshinge, ifite imiterere ya fibre, igaragaza koefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe iri hasi ya 30% ugereranyije na koke y'ubushyuhe ya sponge, bigabanya kwagura ingano mu gihe cyo gushyushya/gusohora umuriro (urugero, grafiti ya anisotropic ikwirakwira ku murongo wa C, bigatuma bateri ibyimba).
4. Ingano y'uduce duto n'ubuso bwihariye
   • Ingano y'uduce twagutse: Ibipimo bya D10, D50, na D90 byatunganyijwe neza bituma uduce duto dushobora kuzuza icyuho hagati y'utundi dunini, bikongera ubucucike bw'imyobo (ubucucike bwinshi bw'imyobo byongera umutwaro w'ibikoresho bikora kuri buri gice, nubwo urugero rurenze urugero rugabanya ubushuhe bwa electrolyte).
   • Ubuso buciriritse: Ubuso bunini bwihariye (>10 m² / g) bugabanya inzira zo kwimuka kwa litiyumu-iyoni, byongera imikorere, ariko bukongera ubuso bwa filime ya SEI, bigagabanya imikorere ya coulombic y'ibanze (ICE).
5. Ubushobozi bwo hejuru bwo gutangira Coulombic (≥92.6%)
   Kugabanya ikoreshwa rya lithium mu gihe cyo gukora SEI mu gihe cyo gushyushya/gusohora umuriro ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hakomeze kuba ubwinshi bw'ingufu nyinshi. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bisaba ubushobozi bwo gusohora umuriro bwa mbere bwa ≥350.0 mAh/g na ICE ≥92.6%.

II. Katode za Aluminium: Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu no kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ubushyuhe nk'ibintu by'ingenzi byihutirwa

1. Igenzura ry'ibikubiye muri sulfure mu byiciro
   • Coke ifite sulfur nkeya (S < 0.8%): Ikoreshwa muri electrodes za grafiti nziza kugira ngo hirindwe kubyimba no kwangirika kwa gaze iterwa na sulfur mu gihe cyo gukora ibyuma, bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'icyuma kuri toni imwe (urugero, ikigo kimwe cyagabanyije ikoreshwa rya anode ho 12% hakoreshejwe coke ifite sulfur nkeya).
   • Coke ya sulfure iri hagati (S 2%–4%): Ikwiriye gukoreshwa muri anode za electrolysis ya aluminiyumu, ikiguzi n'imikorere bingana.
2. Kwihanganira cyane ivu (hamwe n'uburyo bwihariye bwo kugenzura umwanda)
   Umubare wa vanadium mu ivu ugomba kuba ≤0.03% kugira ngo hirindwe ko amashanyarazi ya aluminiyumu agabanuka rimwe na rimwe. Imyanda ya sodium isaba kugenzura neza kugira ngo hirindwe ko anode ivangwa n'ibinyabutabire.
3. Ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubudahangarwa ku bushyuhe
   Ifu ya Needle Coke ikundwa cyane kubera imiterere yayo ya fibre, itanga ubucucike bwinshi, imbaraga nke, igabanuka ry'ubushyuhe, kandi idashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma ishobora kwihanganira ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe kenshi mu gihe cy'amashanyarazi ya aluminiyumu. Ifu yagutse y'ubushyuhe buke igabanya kwangirika kw'inyubako, bigatuma ubuzima bwa cathode bukomeza.
4. Ingano y'uduce n'imbaraga za mekanike
   • Uduce duto tw’udusimba dukunda: Bigabanya ifu ya coke kugira ngo hirindwe ko yangirika mu gihe cyo kuyitwara no kuyitwika, bigatuma ikomera.
   • Ingano nini ya Calcined Coke: 70% ya Calcined Coke ikoreshwa muri anode za aluminium electrolysis kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo gutwara no kurwanya ingese.
5. Ingufu nyinshi z'amashanyarazi
   Ama-electrode ya “needle coke” ashobora gutwara umuyoboro wa A 100.000, bigatuma icyuma gikora neza iminota 25 kuri buri itanura kandi bigatuma conductivity itwara amazi irushaho kuba nziza inshuro eshatu ugereranyije na coke isanzwe, bigabanya cyane ikoreshwa ry’ingufu.

III. Incamake y'Itandukaniro ry'Ingenzi

IV. Inzira z'inganda

• Anode za Bateri za Lithium-ion: Coke nshya ifite imiterere ya kirimbuzi (imiterere ya radial) na coke ya calcined yahinduwe na pitch (yongera ubuzima bw'uruziga rwa anode ya karuboni ikomeye) ni ahantu hashya mu bushakashatsi kugira ngo hongerwe imbaraga nyinshi n'imikorere y'uruziga.
• Katode za Aluminium: Gushaka cyane kwa electrode nini za 750 mm za nele coke na coke ya sulfure yo gusya karubide ya silikoni biri gutera iterambere ry’ibikoresho bigamije ubwiyongere bw’ubushobozi bwo gutwara no kwangirika kw’ibikoresho.