Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi mu mikorere ya calcination hagati ya coke ishingiye kuri peteroli na coke ishingiye ku makara riri mu nzira zitandukanye z'imikorere ziterwa n'itandukaniro ry'ibinyabutabire byabyo, ibyo bigatuma habaho ihinduka rikomeye mu miterere ya kristu, impinduka mu miterere y'umubiri, n'ingorane zo kugenzura imikorere. Isesengura rirambuye ni iri rikurikira:
1. Itandukaniro mu miterere y'ibinyabutabire by'ibikoresho fatizo ni ryo shingiro ry'imyitwarire ya Calcination
Coke ishingiye ku mavuta ikomoka ku binyabutabire bikomeye nka peteroli n'amavuta ya catalytic cracking clearance. Imiterere yayo ya shimi irangwa ahanini n'udukoko duto tw'impande, duhujwe neza, dufite sulfure, azote, ogisijeni, na heteroatome nkeya z'icyuma, ndetse n'imyanda mike ikomeye n'ibintu bidashonga bya quinoline. Iyi miterere ituma habaho inzira ya calcination yiganjemo pyrolysis reactions, hamwe n'inzira yoroshye yo gusubizamo no gukuraho umwanda neza.
Mu buryo bunyuranye, coke ishingiye ku makara ikorwa mu icupa rya kaburimbo ry’amakara n’ibinyabutabire byayo, birimo igice kinini cy’ibinyabutabire birebire byo ku ruhande n’ibinyabutabire bya polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, hamwe n’ingano nini ya sulfur, azote, ogisijeni heteroatom, n’imyanda ikomeye. Imiterere igoye ya coke ishingiye ku makara ituma habaho ingaruka za pyrolysis gusa, ahubwo inatuma habaho ingaruka zikomeye zo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gukaraba, bigatuma habaho inzira igoye cyane yo gukora inyinshi ndetse no kugorana gukuraho imyanda.
2. Itandukaniro mu miterere ya kristu rigira ingaruka ku miterere y'ibikoresho
Mu gihe cyo gukaranga, utubumbe duto twa karuboni muri coke ishingiye kuri peteroli twiyongera buhoro buhoro mu bugari (La), uburebure (Lc), n'umubare w'ibice biri muri kristu (N). Ingano ya kristu nziza za grafiti (Ig / Iall) nayo izamuka cyane. Nubwo Lc igira "aho ihurira" bitewe no gusohoka kw'ibintu bihindagurika no gucika kwa coke mbisi, imiterere ya kristu muri rusange iba isanzwe, hamwe n'urwego rwo hejuru rwa graphitization. Uku guhinduka kw'imiterere y'imiterere gutuma coke ishingiye kuri peteroli igira imiterere myiza nko kuba ifite ubushyuhe buke, ubushobozi buke bwo kwirinda amashanyarazi, ndetse no gutwara amashanyarazi menshi nyuma yo gukaranga, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu gukora electrode nini za grafiti zifite imbaraga nyinshi cyane.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, imiterere ya microcrystal ya karuboni ya coke ishingiye ku makara irahinduka bitewe n'ubwiyongere bwa La, Lc, na N mu gihe cyo gukaraba. Ariko, bitewe n'ingaruka z'umwanda n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe mu bikoresho fatizo, hari inenge nyinshi za kristu, kandi ukwiyongera kw'ingano nziza ya grafiti microcrystal ni nke. Byongeye kandi, ikintu cya "inflation point" kuri Lc kigaragara cyane muri coke ishingiye ku makara, kandi urwego rushya rwongeweho rugaragaza "amakosa yo gushyira hamwe" hamwe n'urwego rw'umwimerere, bigatuma habaho ihindagurika rikomeye mu cyuho hagati y'urwego (d002). Iyi miterere y'imiterere ituma coke ishingiye ku makara igira coefficient yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe no kudashobora gushyuha kurusha coke ishingiye ku mavuta nyuma yo gukaraba, ariko ikaba ifite imbaraga nke no kudakomera, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu gukora electrode zifite ingufu nyinshi na electrode zifite ingufu nyinshi.
3. Itandukaniro mu mpinduka mu mutungo ufatika rigena uturere dusabwa
Mu gihe cyo gukaranga, coke ishingiye ku mavuta iragenda ihinduka cyane kandi ingano yayo igabanuka, bigatuma ubucucike nyakuri bwiyongera cyane (kugeza kuri 2.00–2.12 g/cm³) ndetse n’imbaraga za mekanike zirushaho kwiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi, ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ogisijeni, ndetse n’ubudahangarwa bw’ibinyabutabire bya calcium byiyongera cyane, bihura n’ibisabwa ku mikorere ikomeye ku bicuruzwa bya grafiti byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Mu buryo bunyuranye, coke ishingiye ku makara ihura n’ikibazo cyo guhangayika mu gace runaka mu gihe cy’ibintu bihindagurika bitewe n’uko ihumanya cyane, bigatuma ingano yayo igabanuka kandi ubucucike bwayo bugahita bwiyongera. Byongeye kandi, imbaraga nke n’ubudahangarwa buke bwo kwangirika kwa coke ishingiye ku makara nyuma yo gukaraba, hamwe n’uburyo bwo kwaguka mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi, bisaba kugenzura cyane umuvuduko w’ubushyuhe. Ibi biranga imiterere y’ibintu bigabanya ikoreshwa rya coke ishingiye ku makara mu mirima miremire, nubwo coefficient yayo yo kwaguka k’ubushyuhe buke n’ubudahangarwa bw’amashanyarazi bigikomeza gutuma idasimburwa mu duce twihariye.
4. Itandukaniro mu kugenzura imikorere rigira ingaruka ku musaruro mwiza
Bitewe n'uko igizwe n'ibinyabutabire byoroshye, coke ishingiye ku mavuta igaragaza inzira zisobanutse zo gukora mu gihe cyo gukaraba, bigatuma bigorana kugenzura ibikorwa. Mu kunoza ibipimo nk'ubushyuhe bwa calcination, umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe, no kugenzura ikirere, ubwiza n'ubushobozi bw'umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa bya calcination bishobora kunozwa neza. Byongeye kandi, ingano nini y'ibintu bihinduka muri coke ishingiye ku mavuta itanga ingufu z'ubushyuhe zitangwa ubwayo mu gihe cyo gukaraba, bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora.
Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, imiterere y'ibinyabutabire ya coke ishingiye ku makara ituma habaho uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora ibintu mu gihe cyo gukaraba, bigatuma habaho ingorane mu kugenzura ibikorwa. Gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo mbere yo kubitunganya, kugenzura neza umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe, no guhindura ikirere byihariye birakenewe kugira ngo habeho ireme rihamye ry'ibicuruzwa nyuma yo gukaraba. Byongeye kandi, coke ishingiye ku makara isaba kongera ingufu z'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo gukaraba, kongera ikiguzi cy'umusaruro no gukoresha ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mata-07-2026